Which statement is correct regarding acids?1. Acid is a molecule whic...
- Acid, any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes the colour of certain indicators (e.g., reddens blue litmus paper), reacts with some metals (e.g., iron) to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions (acid catalysis).
- Examples of acids include the inorganic substances known as the mineral acids—sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, and phosphoric acids—and the organic compounds belonging to the carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and phenol groups.
- Acids may be identified as either strong or weak acids based on how completely they dissociate into their ions in water.
- A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, completely dissociates into its ions in water.
- A weak acid only partly dissociates into its ions, so the solution contains water, ions, and the acid (e.g., acetic acid).
Which statement is correct regarding acids?1. Acid is a molecule whic...
Acids are an important class of compounds that play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and biological processes. Understanding the properties and behavior of acids is essential in fields such as chemistry, biology, and medicine. Let's analyze each statement given and determine which ones are correct.
1. Acid is a molecule which donates protons or accepts electron pairs in reactions.
This statement is correct. Acids are substances that can donate protons (H+ ions) or accept electron pairs in chemical reactions. This ability to donate protons is what distinguishes acids from other substances.
2. Acid increases the concentration of hydrogen atoms or hydronium atoms in water.
This statement is correct. When acids dissolve in water, they release hydrogen ions (H+), which can combine with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H3O+). This increase in the concentration of hydrogen atoms or hydronium atoms in water is what makes the solution acidic.
3. Acids have a pH value less than 7.
This statement is correct. The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. Acids have a pH value less than 7, indicating their acidic nature. The lower the pH value, the stronger the acid.
4. Acid in the stomach helps in the digestion of food.
This statement is correct. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted by the cells lining the stomach and plays a vital role in the digestion of food. It helps break down proteins, activates digestive enzymes, and creates an acidic environment that is necessary for proper digestion.
In conclusion, all of the given statements are correct. Acids are molecules that can donate protons or accept electron pairs in reactions. They increase the concentration of hydrogen atoms or hydronium atoms in water, have a pH value less than 7, and play a crucial role in the digestion of food in the stomach.