Recently a device called 'core catcher' was installed in the Kudankul...
Meltdown accidents that occurred at Chernobyl in Russia in 1986 and at Fukushima in Japan in 2011 sent a wave of shocks across the world. The core catcher device is installed at the bottom of the nuclear station’s protective shell and is designed to save the latter as well as exude radioactive emission in the environment in case of a serious accident.
Core Catchers area cone-shaped metal structure that can prevent such accidents. The structure is double walled, with the gap between the two walls filled with FAOG (ferric and aluminum oxide granules). The core catcher is filled with a ceramic mixture also including ferric oxide and aluminum oxide, called ‘sacrificial material’. The sacrificial material prevents the corium from trickling through and also acts as a cooling mechanism.
The moderator of a nuclear reactor is a substance that slows neutrons down. In traditional nuclear reactors, the moderator is the same thing as the coolant: it's water! When fast neutrons strike the hydrogen atoms in H2O, they slow down a lot (like a billiard ball striking another).
At Kudankulam, it has been installed in the design position under the reactor pit of Unit 3 and has been adapted to the relevant site conditions and safety requirements.
The device has improved seismic resistance, hydro-dynamic, and shock strength as well as equipped with flood protection and simplified installation and assembly technology. Russia completed core supplies for Kudankulam unit 3, consisting of the molten core catcher, the embedded parts of the reactor pit, dry protection, heat-insulation of the cylindrical shell/barrel, truss buckstay and reactor vessel. These are part of the enhanced safety features of the VVER-1000 reactors being installed. Russia is building the Kudankulam Nuclear plant under an intergovernmental agreement
Hence statement 1 is not correct and statement 2 is correct.