Parturition is induced by a complex ………...mechanisma)Neuralb)Endocrinec)Neuroendocrined)NoneCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Parturition is induced by a complex &hellip;&hellip;&hellip;...mechanisma)Neuralb)Endocrinec)Neuroendocrined)NoneCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism involving cortisol,oestrogen, and oxytocin.
mechanism as signals for parturition originate from fully developed foetus and placenta produce foetal ejection reflex.

Answer

Parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism involving cortisol,oestrogen, and oxytocin.
mechanism as signals for parturition originate from fully developed foetus and placenta produce foetal ejection reflex.

Answer

Introduction:
Parturition, also known as childbirth, is the process by which a fetus is expelled from the uterus. It is a complex biological process that involves the coordination of various physiological mechanisms. One of the key factors that initiate and regulate parturition is a complex neuroendocrine mechanism.

Neural and Endocrine Control:
The process of parturition is regulated by a combination of neural and endocrine pathways. The neural control involves the activation of the uterine sensory nerves, which transmit signals to the brain. These signals stimulate the release of oxytocin, a hormone that plays a crucial role in initiating and coordinating the contractions of the uterine muscles.

Role of Oxytocin:
Oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to the neural signals. It acts on the uterine muscles, causing them to contract and initiate labor. Oxytocin also promotes the release of prostaglandins, which further enhance uterine contractions. The release of oxytocin is regulated by a positive feedback loop, where contractions stimulate the release of more oxytocin, leading to stronger contractions.

Endocrine Factors:
In addition to oxytocin, several other endocrine factors are involved in the process of parturition. These include corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), progesterone, and estrogen. CRH is produced by the fetal hypothalamus and stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the fetal pituitary gland. ACTH, in turn, stimulates the production of cortisol by the fetal adrenal glands. Cortisol plays a crucial role in the maturation of the fetal lungs and the production of surfactant, a substance that helps with lung expansion.

Progesterone Withdrawal:
Progesterone, which is produced by the placenta, plays a key role in maintaining pregnancy. However, as parturition approaches, the levels of progesterone start to decline. This progesterone withdrawal is essential for the initiation of labor. The exact mechanism of progesterone withdrawal is not fully understood but is believed to involve changes in the sensitivity of the uterine muscles to oxytocin.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. The neural control involves the activation of uterine sensory nerves and the release of oxytocin, which stimulates uterine contractions. Additionally, endocrine factors like CRH, cortisol, progesterone, and estrogen also play important roles in the process. The interplay of these neural and endocrine factors ensures the successful initiation and progression of labor.

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