Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Preamble to ...
Option a is correct: Preamble sets the nature of state i.e. it mentions Indian state to be sovereign, secular, republic and democratic. It set the objectives of Indian state i.e. it ensures social, economic and political justice; equality of status and opportunity; brotherhood, fraternity, unity and integrity.
Option b is incorrect: Preamble is based on the Objective Resolution introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946. On the basis of the Objectives Resolution, India’s Preamble gave expression to the fundamental commitments: equality, liberty, democracy, sovereignty and a cosmopolitan identity.
Option c is correct: The Supreme court in Berubari case 1960, held that Preamble serves as a key to open the minds of the framers, and shows the general purpose for which they made the several provisions in the Constitution.
Option d is correct: The Constitution can be amended to meet the needs and requirements of present times, provided it does not violate basic structure. Hence, Preamble too can be amended as it reflects the goals and objectives of the Constitution. It gets amended only under Article 368 by special majority.