Consider the following statements.1. Although there has been a substa...
- The proportion of people in different countries living in extreme economic poverty- defined by the World Bank as living on less than $1.90 per day—has fallen from 36 per cent in 1990 to 10 per cent in 2015.
- Although there has been a substantial reduction in global poverty, it is marked with great regional differences. Poverty declined substantially in China and Southeast Asian countries as a result of rapid economic growth and massive investments in human resource development.
- Number of poors in China has come down from 88.3 per cent in 1981 to 14.7 per cent in 2008 to 0.7 per cent in 2015. In the countries of South Asia (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan) the decline has also been rapid 34 per cent in 2005 to 16.2 per cent in 2013.
- With decline in the percentage of the poor, the number of poor has also declined significantly from 510.4 million in 2005 to 274.5 million in 2013. Because of different poverty line definitions, poverty in India is also shown higher than the national estimates. The new sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN) proposes ending poverty of all types by 2030.
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Consider the following statements.1. Although there has been a substa...
The correct answer is option 'A' which states that statements 1 and 2 are correct. Let's analyze each statement to understand why.
1. Although there has been a substantial reduction in global poverty, it is marked with great regional differences:
This statement is correct. Over the past few decades, there has been a significant reduction in global poverty rates. According to the World Bank, the global extreme poverty rate fell from 36% in 1990 to 8.6% in 2018. However, the reduction in poverty is not evenly distributed across regions. There are still significant regional differences in poverty levels, with some regions experiencing more poverty reduction than others. For example, East Asia and the Pacific, including China, have seen remarkable poverty reduction, while Sub-Saharan Africa still has high poverty rates.
2. Poverty declined substantially in China and Southeast Asian countries as a result of rapid economic growth and massive investments in human resource development:
This statement is also correct. China and several Southeast Asian countries, such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, have experienced significant poverty reduction in recent decades. This can be attributed to their rapid economic growth and emphasis on human resource development. These countries have implemented policies aimed at promoting economic growth, attracting investments, and improving education and healthcare systems. These efforts have led to increased job opportunities, higher incomes, and improved living conditions for a significant portion of their population.
3. The new sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN) proposes ending poverty of all types by 2025:
This statement is incorrect. The new sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations aim to end poverty in all its forms by 2030, not 2025. The SDGs, adopted in 2015, consist of 17 goals and 169 targets, one of which is to eradicate extreme poverty by 2030. This goal acknowledges the need for a comprehensive approach to poverty reduction, including addressing issues such as inequality, access to basic services, and sustainable economic growth.
In conclusion, statements 1 and 2 are correct, while statement 3 is incorrect. There are still regional differences in global poverty reduction, with some regions experiencing more progress than others. China and Southeast Asian countries have successfully reduced poverty through rapid economic growth and investments in human resource development. The United Nations' sustainable development goals aim to end poverty by 2030, not 2025.
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