3 ladies and 3 gents can be seated at a round table so that any two an...
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3 ladies and 3 gents can be seated at a round table so that any two an...
Solution:
Possible arrangements:
First, let's seat the gentlemen:
- There are 3 gentlemen, so there are 3 choices for the first seat.
- After one gentleman is seated, there are 2 choices for the next seat, then 1 choice for the last seat.
- Therefore, there are 3 x 2 x 1 = 6 ways to seat the gentlemen.
Next, let's seat the ladies:
- There are 3 ladies, so there are 3 choices for the first seat.
- We must seat the ladies such that any two and only two of them sit together.
- There are two cases to consider:
Case 1: Two ladies sit together, and the third lady sits apart.
- There are 3 ways to choose which two ladies sit together.
- There are 2 ways to choose which of the two adjacent seats the pair of ladies sit in.
- There are 2 ways to choose which of the remaining seats the third lady sits in.
- There are 2 ways to arrange the two ladies within their two adjacent seats.
- There are 2 ways to arrange the other lady in her seat.
- Therefore, there are 3 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 24 arrangements in this case.
Case 2: All three ladies sit together.
- There are 3 ways to choose which of the three adjacent seats the ladies sit in.
- There are 2 ways to arrange the ladies within their three adjacent seats.
- Therefore, there are 3 x 2 = 6 arrangements in this case.
Total number of arrangements:
- By the multiplication principle, the total number of arrangements is the product of the number of arrangements for each group of people.
- Therefore, the total number of arrangements is 6 x (24 + 6) = 180.
Answer: The number of ways to seat 3 ladies and 3 gentlemen at a round table such that any two and only two of the ladies sit together is 180.