Which one of the following statements correctly depicts the true natur...
- Indian federation is both functional and institutional as we have a vertical distribution of power between different levels of government.
- Federal features are not subsidiary in India.
- Today, we have a coalition party regime rather the one dominant party.
- Option c: Indian federation is not a result of an agreement between states. Hence, states cannot secede from the union.
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Which one of the following statements correctly depicts the true natur...
Introduction:
The Indian Federal System is the governing structure of India, which combines both federal and unitary features. It is often described as a "federal state with subsidiary unitary features." This system of governance is enshrined in the Constitution of India, which provides for a division of powers between the central government and the state governments.
Explanation:
The correct statement that depicts the true nature of the Indian Federal System is option 'C'. Let's delve into the details of why this statement is accurate:
1. India as a Unitary State:
While India is often referred to as a federal country, it does possess several unitary features. The central government in India has the power to legislate on subjects that are not explicitly mentioned in the State List. This gives the central government a significant role in policy-making and governance, resembling a unitary state.
2. Subsidiary Federal Features:
Despite the unitary features, India also possesses federal characteristics. The Constitution of India demarcates powers between the central government and the state governments. The State List and Concurrent List outline the subjects on which the states have exclusive jurisdiction and those on which both the central and state governments can legislate, respectively.
3. Division of Powers:
The Indian Federal System establishes a division of powers between the central government and the state governments. While certain subjects, such as defense and foreign affairs, fall under the exclusive jurisdiction of the central government, others, like police and public health, are primarily under the purview of the state governments.
4. The Result of an Agreement:
The Indian Federation is indeed the result of an agreement by the constituent units. The Constitution of India was drafted by a Constituent Assembly comprising representatives from all the provinces and princely states. This assembly debated and negotiated the terms of the federal system, ensuring the consent and participation of the units.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, option 'C' correctly depicts the true nature of the Indian Federal System. India can be characterized as a unitary state with subsidiary federal features. While the central government possesses significant powers, the Constitution of India also establishes a division of powers between the central and state governments. The Indian Federation is the result of an agreement by the constituent units, highlighting its federal character.
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