Introduction:
Cooking gas, also known as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), is widely used as a fuel for cooking purposes. It is a versatile and convenient source of energy that is commonly used in households, restaurants, and other commercial establishments. LPG is a mixture of various hydrocarbon gases, and the composition of cooking gas can vary depending on the source and production process.

Composition of Cooking Gas:
The correct answer to this question is option 'C', which states that cooking gas is mainly a mixture of propane and butane. Let's understand why this is the correct answer:

Propane:
- Propane is one of the main components of cooking gas. It is a three-carbon alkane with the chemical formula C3H8.
- Propane is a colorless and odorless gas at normal temperature and pressure. However, an odorant called ethanethiol is added to detect any gas leaks.
- It has a high energy content, making it an efficient fuel for cooking. Propane burns cleanly and produces a blue flame with high heat output.
- Due to its properties, propane is widely used in cooking appliances such as gas stoves, ovens, and grills.

Butane:
- Butane is another important component of cooking gas. It is a four-carbon alkane with the chemical formula C4H10.
- Similar to propane, butane is a colorless and odorless gas. However, an odorant is added to detect any gas leaks.
- Butane has a lower boiling point compared to propane, which makes it suitable for use in portable cooking appliances such as camping stoves.
- It also burns cleanly and produces a blue flame, providing a reliable source of heat for cooking.

Other Gases:
While propane and butane are the main components of cooking gas, it can also contain other hydrocarbon gases in smaller quantities. These may include methane, ethane, and pentane, as mentioned in the other options provided in the question. However, the question specifically asks for the main gases, and propane and butane are the primary constituents of cooking gas.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, cooking gas is mainly a mixture of propane and butane. These gases provide a clean and efficient source of energy for cooking purposes. While other gases like methane, ethane, and pentane can be present in smaller quantities, propane and butane are the key components that make up the majority of cooking gas.

Propane and butane