Nepal became a democratic state in 2008 when the country's monarchy was abolished and a federal democratic republic was established. This significant political change was the result of a decade-long civil war and a series of protests and movements for democracy.

Background of Nepal's Democratic Movement
- Nepal was ruled by a monarchy for over two centuries, with limited political freedom and human rights violations.
- In 1996, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) launched an armed insurgency against the government, demanding the establishment of a republic and a more inclusive democracy.
- The conflict escalated into a decade-long civil war, resulting in thousands of deaths and displacement.
- In 2006, a ceasefire was declared, and negotiations between the government and Maoist rebels began.

The Process of Democratization in Nepal
- In 2007, an interim constitution was adopted, which declared Nepal a secular, federal, and democratic republic, and stripped the king of his powers.
- In 2008, the Constituent Assembly, elected in 2008, abolished the monarchy, and Nepal became a republic.
- The Constituent Assembly also drafted and adopted a new constitution in 2015, which established a federal democratic republic with a bicameral legislature.
- Nepal's democratic system comprises a president as the head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.

Impact of Democracy in Nepal
- Nepal's transition to democracy has led to greater political freedom and civil liberties for its citizens.
- The country has held several successful elections, including local, provincial, and federal elections.
- Nepal has made progress in addressing human rights issues, including the rights of marginalized groups such as women, Dalits, and ethnic minorities.
- However, Nepal still faces several challenges, including corruption, political instability, and economic inequality.

Conclusion
Nepal's transition to democracy was a significant achievement for the country and its citizens. The establishment of a federal democratic republic has provided greater political space and human rights protection for all Nepalis. However, there is still a long way to go in consolidating democracy and addressing the country's socio-economic challenges.

Democracy was introduced in 1951 but was twice suspended by Nepalese monarchs, in 1960 and 2005. But due to the Nepalese Civil War in the 1990s and early 2000s, in 2008 Nepal became a democratic nation