C) Three main styles of Indian temple architecture

The Nagara, the Dravida, and the Vesara are the three main styles of Indian temple architecture. These architectural styles are characterized by their unique features and are prevalent in different regions of India.

1. Nagara Style:
The Nagara style of temple architecture is commonly found in the northern and central parts of India. It is characterized by its towering shikhara or spire, which is curvilinear in shape and resembles a mountain peak. The shikhara is often adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures. The temples in this style have a square or rectangular plan and are often surrounded by a wall enclosure. The main entrance or gopuram is usually adorned with elaborate carvings and sculptures. Some famous examples of Nagara style temples include the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho and the Sun Temple in Konark.

2. Dravida Style:
The Dravida style of temple architecture is predominantly found in the southern part of India, particularly in the states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. This style is characterized by its pyramidal tower or vimana, which consists of multiple tiers or storeys. The vimana is often decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. The temples in this style have a rectangular or square plan and are surrounded by a series of concentric walls. The main entrance or gopuram is usually a towering structure adorned with elaborate sculptures and carvings. Some famous examples of Dravida style temples include the Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur and the Meenakshi Temple in Madurai.

3. Vesara Style:
The Vesara style of temple architecture is a fusion of the Nagara and Dravida styles and is commonly found in the western and central parts of India. This style combines the features of both the Nagara and Dravida styles, resulting in a unique blend of curvilinear and pyramidal elements. The temples in this style have a square or rectangular plan and often feature a combination of curvilinear and pyramidal towers. The main entrance or gopuram is often adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures. Some famous examples of Vesara style temples include the Elephanta Caves in Mumbai and the Hoysaleswara Temple in Halebidu.

Overall, the Nagara, Dravida, and Vesara styles of Indian temple architecture are representative of the diverse cultural and architectural heritage of the Indian subcontinent. They showcase the unique artistic and architectural skills of the craftsmen and reflect the religious and cultural beliefs of the regions where they are prevalent.