The correct answer is option 'C': Protestants and Roman Catholics.

Explanation:

Christianity is the largest religion in the United Kingdom, with Christians comprising the majority of the population. However, within Christianity, there are various denominations or sects. The two major sects of Christianity in the United Kingdom are Protestants and Roman Catholics.

1. Protestants:
Protestantism is a form of Christianity that originated during the Reformation in the 16th century. It encompasses various denominations such as Anglicanism, Presbyterianism, Methodist, Baptist, and more. Protestants believe in the authority of the Bible and emphasize individual faith, salvation through faith in Jesus Christ, and the priesthood of all believers.

2. Roman Catholics:
Roman Catholicism is the largest Christian denomination worldwide and has a significant presence in the United Kingdom. Roman Catholics recognize the authority of the Pope and the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. They believe in sacraments, the intercession of saints, and the importance of the Church hierarchy.

The division between Protestants and Roman Catholics has historical roots and has influenced the religious, political, and social landscape of the United Kingdom.

Historical Context:
The division between Protestants and Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom can be traced back to the Reformation and the reign of King Henry VIII. Henry VIII broke away from the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century and established the Church of England, which is part of the Anglican Communion. This split was primarily motivated by political and personal reasons rather than theological differences.

Over the centuries, conflicts between Protestants and Roman Catholics have occurred, leading to periods of religious tension and violence, such as the English Civil War and the Irish Troubles. However, in recent times, there have been efforts to promote religious tolerance and bridge the gap between the two sects.

Present-day Scenario:
In the present-day United Kingdom, the religious landscape has become more diverse due to increased immigration and the presence of other religions such as Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, and others. While Muslims and Hindus are significant religious minorities in the country, they do not form the two major sects of Christianity.

In conclusion, the population of the United Kingdom is divided into two major sects of Christianity: Protestants and Roman Catholics. These two sects have historical significance and have shaped the religious and social fabric of the country.