The correct answer is option 'B' - Venuses.

Explanation:
Female figurines from prehistoric times are commonly referred to as Venuses. These figurines depict the female form and have been found in various archaeological sites across the world. They are named after the Roman goddess of love, Venus, as they are believed to represent fertility and the female form.

The term "Venus figurines" was first coined by the archaeologist Henri Breuil in the early 20th century. These figurines were primarily made during the Paleolithic period, which dates back to around 30,000 to 10,000 BCE. They were typically carved from stone, ivory, or clay, and were small in size, ranging from a few centimeters to a few inches in height.

These figurines often feature exaggerated female attributes, such as enlarged breasts, hips, and buttocks. They usually lack facial features and focus on the reproductive organs and the overall shape of the body. The exact purpose and meaning of these figurines are still debated among archaeologists and researchers.

Possible Interpretations:
1. Fertility and Motherhood: Many scholars believe that these figurines were associated with fertility and motherhood. The exaggerated features may represent the idealized female form, emphasizing the ability to bear children and ensure the continuation of the community.

2. Symbolic and Ritualistic Meanings: Some theories suggest that these figurines had symbolic or ritualistic significance. They may have been used in religious ceremonies or rituals related to fertility, childbirth, or even as symbols of protection.

3. Artistic Expression: Another interpretation is that these figurines were simply expressions of artistic creativity. They may have served as personal or communal art, representing the beauty and aesthetics of the human form.

Importance and Significance:
The Venuses hold great importance in the field of archaeology and anthropology as they provide valuable insights into the beliefs, practices, and daily lives of prehistoric societies. They offer glimpses into the social, cultural, and religious aspects of ancient communities, shedding light on their perceptions of femininity, fertility, and the role of women.

Additionally, the Venuses challenge traditional notions of beauty and aesthetics, showcasing a diversity of body types and challenging the modern standards of attractiveness. They remind us of the universality of the female form and the timeless fascination humans have had with representing it in art.

In conclusion, the female figurines from prehistoric times are commonly known as Venuses. These small, carved figurines depict exaggerated female attributes and are believed to represent fertility, motherhood, and the female form. They hold great significance in understanding the ancient societies that created them and provide valuable insights into their beliefs and practices.