Consider the following statements:-Admixtures are added to concrete t...
Explanation:
The correct statements are 3 and 4.
1. Increase its strength:
Admixtures are substances that are added to concrete during the mixing process to enhance the properties of the concrete. Some admixtures, known as strength-enhancing admixtures, can increase the strength of concrete. These admixtures typically work by increasing the hydration reaction of cement, resulting in increased strength development. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
2. Reduce heat of hydration:
Heat of hydration is the heat that is generated when water reacts with cement during the curing process of concrete. In some cases, the heat generated can be excessive and can lead to thermal cracking and other issues. Admixtures known as heat-reducing admixtures can be added to concrete to mitigate the heat of hydration. These admixtures work by slowing down the hydration reaction, thereby reducing the heat generated. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.
3. Delay the setting of cement:
Setting of cement refers to the process in which the cement paste changes from a plastic state to a solid state. Admixtures known as setting retarders can be added to concrete to delay the setting of cement. This can be beneficial in scenarios where there is a need for extended workability or when concrete needs to be transported over long distances. Therefore, statement 3 is correct.
4. Reduce the water-cement ratio:
The water-cement ratio is an important parameter in concrete mix design. It affects the workability, strength, and durability of concrete. Admixtures known as water-reducing admixtures can be added to concrete to reduce the water-cement ratio. These admixtures work by dispersing the cement particles, allowing for better hydration and reducing the amount of water needed. Therefore, statement 4 is correct.
Therefore, the correct statements are 3 and 4, and the correct option is D.