Indian Constitution Overview

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India that lays down the framework for the governance of India. It came into effect on January 26, 1950. The Constitution of India comprises of:

- 395 Articles
- 22 Parts
- 12 Schedules

In addition to the above, the Indian Constitution has also undergone several amendments since its inception.

Articles

The Constitution of India comprises of 395 Articles that are divided into 22 Parts. The Articles deal with a range of topics such as fundamental rights, directive principles of state policy, citizenship, the powers of the President and Prime Minister, the Parliament, judiciary, and more.

Parts

The 22 Parts of the Constitution of India are as follows:

- Part I: Union and its Territory
- Part II: Citizenship
- Part III: Fundamental Rights
- Part IV: Directive Principles of State Policy
- Part IVA: Fundamental Duties
- Part V: The Union
- Part VI: The States
- Part VII: Repealed
- Part VIII: The Union Territories
- Part IX: The Panchayats
- Part IXA: The Municipalities
- Part X: The Scheduled and Tribal Areas
- Part XI: Relations between the Union and the States
- Part XII: Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits
- Part XIII: Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within India
- Part XIV: Services under the Union and the States
- Part XIVA: Tribunals
- Part XV: Elections
- Part XVI: Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes
- Part XVII: Languages
- Part XVIII: Emergency Provisions
- Part XIX: Miscellaneous
- Part XX: Amendment of the Constitution
- Part XXI: Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions

Schedules

The 12 Schedules of the Constitution of India deal with various aspects of the government and the country. They are as follows:

- First Schedule: Territories of the Indian Union
- Second Schedule: Emoluments and privileges of the President, Vice-President, Judges, and other officials
- Third Schedule: Forms of Oaths and Affirmations
- Fourth Schedule: Allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha
- Fifth Schedule: Provisions relating to the administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes
- Sixth Schedule: Provisions relating to the administration of tribal areas in the North-Eastern states of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram
- Seventh Schedule: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List
- Eighth Schedule: Languages recognized by the Constitution
- Ninth Schedule: Acts and Regulations which are protected from judicial scrutiny
- Tenth Schedule: Provisions for disqualification on grounds of defection
- Eleventh Schedule: Powers, authority, and responsibilities of Panchayats
- Twelfth Schedule: Powers, authority, and responsibilities of Municipalities

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Constitution of India is a comprehensive document that outlines the framework for governance in India. It consists of 395 Articles, 22 Parts, and 12 Schedules. The Constitution has undergone several amendments since its inception and continues to be a dynamic document that reflects the changing needs of the country.