Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) ...
Sexual reproduction involves two parents that results in the offsprings that are not identical to the parents. It causes variations; which are essential for evolution as well as survival of species under unfavourable conditions.
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Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) ...
Assertion (A): Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversities and plays a role in the origin of new species.
Reason (R): Sexual reproduction involves formation of gametes and fusion of gametes.
The correct answer is option 'A', which states that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion. Let's break down the explanation to understand why.
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes, which are specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, two parents contribute genetic material to produce offspring. This process leads to genetic diversity, as the offspring inherit a combination of genes from both parents.
Genetic Diversity
Genetic diversity refers to the variety and variability of genetic information within a population or species. Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity in several ways:
1. Recombination: During sexual reproduction, the genetic material from two parents is combined through a process called recombination. This results in the shuffling and exchange of genetic information, leading to new combinations of genes in the offspring.
2. Independent Assortment: In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes only half of their genetic material to the offspring. This allows for independent assortment, where different combinations of genes are passed on to the next generation. This increases the genetic diversity within a population.
3. Mutation: Sexual reproduction does not directly cause mutations, but it provides opportunities for genetic variation. Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence, and they can introduce new alleles into a population. Sexual reproduction allows these new alleles to be combined with other alleles, further increasing genetic diversity.
Origin of New Species
The process of speciation, which leads to the origin of new species, is influenced by genetic diversity. Sexual reproduction plays a crucial role in this process by increasing genetic variation within a population. This genetic variation provides the basis for natural selection, where individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, this can result in the emergence of new species.
Conclusion
In summary, sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity by involving the formation and fusion of gametes. This genetic diversity plays a vital role in the origin of new species through processes such as recombination, independent assortment, and mutation. Therefore, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
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