**Gandhiji's Decision to Withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement**

**Introduction:**
The non-cooperation movement was a significant phase in India's struggle for independence, initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920. However, after gaining momentum for a while, Gandhiji decided to withdraw the movement in February 1922. This decision was not taken lightly and was influenced by various factors.

**1. Chauri Chaura Incident:**
One of the primary reasons for Gandhiji's withdrawal was the Chauri Chaura incident. On February 5, 1922, a group of protestors in Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh, turned violent and attacked a police station, resulting in the death of several policemen. This incident deeply troubled Gandhiji as he strongly believed in non-violence and did not want the movement to be associated with acts of violence.

**2. Maintenance of Non-Violence:**
Gandhiji was a staunch advocate of non-violence and believed that it was crucial for the success of the freedom struggle. He felt that the movement had deviated from its path of non-violence due to the Chauri Chaura incident. To prevent further escalation of violence and to maintain the integrity of the non-violent movement, Gandhiji took the difficult decision to withdraw the movement.

**3. Lack of Discipline and Commitment:**
Another reason for the withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement was the lack of discipline and commitment among the masses. Gandhiji had envisioned a movement that would be peaceful, disciplined, and inclusive. However, he observed instances of indiscipline, hooliganism, and sporadic violence during protests. This lack of discipline undermined the movement's effectiveness and compelled Gandhiji to reconsider its continuation.

**4. Reassessing the Movement's Preparedness:**
Gandhiji believed in the idea of Swaraj or self-rule, and the non-cooperation movement was aimed at achieving this goal. However, he realized that the masses were not adequately prepared for the responsibilities that came with self-governance. He felt that the movement needed to pause and focus on building the necessary infrastructure, institutions, and mindset required for a successful self-rule.

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, Gandhiji's decision to withdraw the non-cooperation movement was influenced by the Chauri Chaura incident, his commitment to non-violence, the lack of discipline among the masses, and the need to reassess the movement's preparedness. Despite the withdrawal, the non-cooperation movement played a significant role in mobilizing the masses and shaping India's freedom struggle.

Because it turn into a violent movement.and tha Satyagrahi were not successfully trained..for the movement.