The President of Indian National Congress in the Surat Session 1907 famous for Surat Split was Dr. Rash Bihari Ghosh.

The Surat Session of the Indian National Congress in 1907 is significant in Indian political history as it marked a major ideological and political split within the party. The session was held in Surat, Gujarat from December 26 to 30, 1907.

Background:
- The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 with the aim of advocating for Indian political rights and eventual self-rule.
- However, by the early 20th century, differences had emerged within the party regarding its goals and methods of achieving them.
- Two main factions had formed within the Congress - the moderate faction led by leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and the extremist faction led by leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

The Split:
- The Surat Session was intended to address these differences and reconcile the two factions within the Congress.
- Dr. Rash Bihari Ghosh, a moderate leader, was elected as the President of the session.
- However, the session quickly descended into chaos as the differences between the moderates and the extremists became irreconcilable.
- The main points of contention were the methods of political agitation and the use of mass mobilization and civil disobedience.
- The extremists advocated for more radical and aggressive methods, while the moderates preferred a more cautious and gradual approach.

Role of Dr. Rash Bihari Ghosh:
- As the President of the Surat Session, Dr. Rash Bihari Ghosh played a crucial role in trying to maintain order and find a middle ground between the two factions.
- However, his efforts were unsuccessful as the session became increasingly heated and divided.
- The split eventually led to a physical altercation between the supporters of the moderates and the extremists.

Aftermath:
- The Surat Split had far-reaching consequences for the Indian National Congress and the Indian independence movement.
- It solidified the divide between the moderates and the extremists, with the extremists eventually forming their own organization called the All India Muslim League.
- The split also highlighted the ideological differences within the Congress and the need for a more unified and focused approach towards achieving independence.

In conclusion, Dr. Rash Bihari Ghosh was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress during the Surat Session in 1907, which is famous for the Surat Split. However, his attempts to reconcile the differences between the moderates and the extremists were unsuccessful, leading to a significant political rupture within the party.