Author of the book "Pancha Siddhantika" in the Gupta Period

The correct answer is option 'D', Varahamihira.

Explanation:

During the Gupta Period in ancient India (around 4th to 6th century CE), there were significant advancements in various fields, including astronomy. One of the important books written during this period was "Pancha Siddhantika".

What is "Pancha Siddhantika"?

"Pancha Siddhantika" is a Sanskrit treatise on astronomy that discusses the five astronomical systems or Siddhantas. These five Siddhantas are:

1. Surya Siddhanta
2. Romaka Siddhanta
3. Paulisa Siddhanta
4. Vasishtha Siddhanta
5. Paitamaha Siddhanta

The book provides a comprehensive analysis and comparison of these Siddhantas, discussing their similarities, differences, and the methods of astronomical calculations used in each system. It also includes mathematical calculations related to celestial phenomena, such as the positions of planets, eclipses, and the determination of auspicious times.

Author of "Pancha Siddhantika"

The book "Pancha Siddhantika" was authored by Varahamihira, who was a renowned Indian astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer. Varahamihira was born in Ujjain, which was a major center of learning during the Gupta Period.

Contributions of Varahamihira

Varahamihira made significant contributions to the field of astronomy and astrology. His works not only included "Pancha Siddhantika" but also other important texts like "Brihat Samhita" and "Brihat Jataka". These works covered a wide range of topics, including mathematics, astronomy, astrology, meteorology, architecture, and more.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Varahamihira was the author of the book "Pancha Siddhantika" during the Gupta Period in ancient India. His contributions to the field of astronomy and astrology were highly significant and played a crucial role in advancing scientific knowledge during that time.