Introduction:
The growth of a population is influenced by various factors. While some factors can limit population growth, others can promote it. This question asks which of the given options is not a factor that would limit population growth.

Explanation:
Immigration:
Immigration refers to the movement of individuals into a population from another area. It can contribute to an increase in the population size and counteract the limiting factors. When individuals immigrate into a population, they bring their genetic diversity, which can help the population adapt to changing environments and increase its resilience. Immigration can also introduce new individuals that may increase the available workforce, stimulate economic growth, and contribute to the overall development of the population. Therefore, immigration does not limit population growth but rather facilitates it.

Food Shortage:
Food shortage is a significant limiting factor for population growth. When there is a scarcity of food resources in a population, individuals may struggle to obtain adequate nutrition for survival and reproduction. This can lead to decreased birth rates, increased mortality rates, and overall population decline. Food shortage can be caused by various factors such as environmental changes, overexploitation of resources, or competition among individuals within the population. It is a crucial factor that can limit the carrying capacity of an ecosystem and, consequently, the growth of the population.

Disease:
Diseases can exert a significant impact on population growth. When a population is affected by diseases, it can lead to increased mortality rates and decreased reproductive success. Infectious diseases, for example, can spread rapidly within a population and cause widespread illness and death. This can result in a decrease in population size and limit population growth. Additionally, diseases can also affect the health and well-being of individuals, leading to reduced fertility and birth rates. Therefore, disease is a limiting factor for population growth.

Famine:
Famine refers to a widespread scarcity of food in a population, often caused by factors such as drought, crop failure, or political instability. Like food shortage, famine can lead to a lack of adequate nutrition, increased mortality rates, and reduced reproductive success. It can have severe consequences on population growth, causing population decline and impacting the overall health and survival of individuals. Therefore, famine is a limiting factor for population growth.

Conclusion:
Among the given options, immigration is not a factor that would limit the growth of a population. On the contrary, immigration can contribute to population growth by introducing new individuals, genetic diversity, and enhancing the workforce and overall development of the population.