Electric dipole moment is a measure of the strength of an electric dipole. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between them. The unit of electric dipole moment is Debye (D).

Explanation:

Electric dipole moment is a vector quantity that has both magnitude and direction. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between them. The formula for the electric dipole moment is given by:

p = qd

Where,
p = electric dipole moment
q = magnitude of charge
d = distance between the charges

The SI unit of charge is the Coulomb (C) and the SI unit of distance is the meter (m). Therefore, the SI unit of electric dipole moment is C.m. However, this unit is very large for practical use. Therefore, a smaller unit called the Debye (D) is used.

One Debye is equal to 3.33564 × 10^-30 C.m. The Debye is named after the Dutch physical chemist Peter Debye, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936 for his work on dipole moments.

The Debye is commonly used in the fields of physics and chemistry to measure the strength of electric dipoles in molecules. It is also used in the study of electric fields, polarization, and dielectric materials.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the unit of electric dipole moment is the Debye (D), which is equal to 3.33564 × 10^-30 C.m. The Debye is a smaller unit that is commonly used in physics and chemistry to measure the strength of electric dipoles in molecules.