Two lenses of focal lengths 20cm and −40cm are held in contact. ...
Equivalent focal length is given by,

Here, f
1 = 20cm and f
2 = −40cm

⇒ f = 40cm

⇒ v = f = 40 cm [∵ u = ∞]
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Two lenses of focal lengths 20cm and −40cm are held in contact. ...
30cm are placed 40cm apart in air. Find the position of the image formed by the 20cm lens, when an object is placed 80cm in front of the 30cm lens.
To solve this problem, we can use the lens formula:
1/f = 1/v - 1/u
Where f is the focal length of the lens, v is the image distance, and u is the object distance.
First, let's calculate the image distance formed by the 30cm lens:
f = 30cm
u = 80cm
1/30 = 1/v - 1/80
Multiplying through by 240v:
8v = 240 - 3v
11v = 240
v = 21.82cm (approximately)
Now, let's calculate the object distance for the 20cm lens. The image formed by the 30cm lens will act as the object for the 20cm lens:
u = v = 21.82cm
Now, let's calculate the image distance formed by the 20cm lens:
f = 20cm
u = 21.82cm
1/20 = 1/v - 1/21.82
Multiplying through by 438.2v:
21.91v = 438.2 - 20v
41.91v = 438.2
v = 10.45cm (approximately)
Therefore, the position of the image formed by the 20cm lens is 10.45cm.