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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable valency. This is a particular characteristic of
  • a)
    Representative elements
  • b)
    Transition elements
  • c)
    Noble gases
  • d)
    Non-metals
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable v...
Transition elements show variable valency due to the presence of vacant d-orbitals.
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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable v...
Understanding Variable Valency
Variable valency refers to the ability of an element to exhibit different oxidation states or valencies. This characteristic is most commonly associated with transition elements.
Why Transition Elements Exhibit Variable Valency
- Presence of d-orbitals: Transition metals have partially filled d-orbitals, which allows them to lose different numbers of electrons.
- Multiple oxidation states: They can exhibit multiple oxidation states due to their ability to lose different numbers of electrons from both s and d subshells.
- Formation of complex ions: Transition elements can form complex ions, which can further allow them to display variable valencies depending on the ligands attached.
Examples of Transition Elements with Variable Valency
- Iron (Fe): Exhibits +2 and +3 states.
- Copper (Cu): Shows +1 and +2 states.
- Manganese (Mn): Can have oxidation states ranging from +2 to +7.
Distinction from Other Elements
- Representative Elements: Typically have fixed valencies based on their group number and do not exhibit the same level of variability.
- Noble Gases: Generally do not form compounds and have a complete valence shell, hence no variable valency.
- Non-metals: While some non-metals can have multiple oxidation states (like sulfur), they do not exhibit the extensive variability seen in transition metals.
In conclusion, the transition elements are unique in their ability to showcase variable valency due to their electronic configuration and involvement in complex formation. This property is essential in various chemical reactions and applications, making them a significant focus in chemistry.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:The d block elements are the 40 elements contained in the four rows of ten columns (3-12) in the periodic table. As all the d block elements are metallic, the term d-block metals is synonymous. This set of d-block elements is also often identified as the transition metals, but sometimes the group 12 elements (zinc, cadmium, mercury) are excluded from the transition metals as the transition elements are defined as those with partly filled d or f shells in their compounds. Inclusion of the elements zinc, cadmium and mercury is necessary as some properties of the group 12 elements are appropriate logically to include with a discussion of transition metal chemistry. The term transition element or transition metal appeared to derive from early studies of periodicity such as the Mendeleev periodic table of the elements. His horizontal table of the elements was an attempt to group the elements together so that the chemistry of elements might be explained and predicted. In this table there are eight groups labeled I-VIII with each subdivided into A and B subgroups. Mendeleev recognized that certain properties of elements in Group VIII are related to those of some of the elements in Group VII and those at the start of the next row Group I. In that sense, these elements might be described as possessing properties transitional from one row of the table to the next.In the following questions, a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.Assertion (

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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable valency. This is a particular characteristic ofa)Representative elementsb)Transition elementsc)Noble gasesd)Non-metalsCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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