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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable valency. This is a particular characteristic of
- a)Representative elements
- b)Transition elements
- c)Noble gases
- d)Non-metals
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable v...
Understanding Variable Valency
Variable valency refers to the ability of an element to exhibit different oxidation states or valencies. This characteristic is most commonly associated with transition elements.
Why Transition Elements Exhibit Variable Valency
- Presence of d-orbitals: Transition metals have partially filled d-orbitals, which allows them to lose different numbers of electrons.
- Multiple oxidation states: They can exhibit multiple oxidation states due to their ability to lose different numbers of electrons from both s and d subshells.
- Formation of complex ions: Transition elements can form complex ions, which can further allow them to display variable valencies depending on the ligands attached.
Examples of Transition Elements with Variable Valency
- Iron (Fe): Exhibits +2 and +3 states.
- Copper (Cu): Shows +1 and +2 states.
- Manganese (Mn): Can have oxidation states ranging from +2 to +7.
Distinction from Other Elements
- Representative Elements: Typically have fixed valencies based on their group number and do not exhibit the same level of variability.
- Noble Gases: Generally do not form compounds and have a complete valence shell, hence no variable valency.
- Non-metals: While some non-metals can have multiple oxidation states (like sulfur), they do not exhibit the extensive variability seen in transition metals.
In conclusion, the transition elements are unique in their ability to showcase variable valency due to their electronic configuration and involvement in complex formation. This property is essential in various chemical reactions and applications, making them a significant focus in chemistry.
Variable valency refers to the ability of an element to exhibit different oxidation states or valencies. This characteristic is most commonly associated with transition elements.
Why Transition Elements Exhibit Variable Valency
- Presence of d-orbitals: Transition metals have partially filled d-orbitals, which allows them to lose different numbers of electrons.
- Multiple oxidation states: They can exhibit multiple oxidation states due to their ability to lose different numbers of electrons from both s and d subshells.
- Formation of complex ions: Transition elements can form complex ions, which can further allow them to display variable valencies depending on the ligands attached.
Examples of Transition Elements with Variable Valency
- Iron (Fe): Exhibits +2 and +3 states.
- Copper (Cu): Shows +1 and +2 states.
- Manganese (Mn): Can have oxidation states ranging from +2 to +7.
Distinction from Other Elements
- Representative Elements: Typically have fixed valencies based on their group number and do not exhibit the same level of variability.
- Noble Gases: Generally do not form compounds and have a complete valence shell, hence no variable valency.
- Non-metals: While some non-metals can have multiple oxidation states (like sulfur), they do not exhibit the extensive variability seen in transition metals.
In conclusion, the transition elements are unique in their ability to showcase variable valency due to their electronic configuration and involvement in complex formation. This property is essential in various chemical reactions and applications, making them a significant focus in chemistry.
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There are many elements in the periodic table which exhibit variable v...
Transition elements show variable valency due to the presence of vacant d-orbitals.
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