DNA fingerprinting refer toa)Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA sam...
DNA fingerprinting technique in which the banding pattern of DNA fragments is compared and can be used in many species, including the human, to indicate relatedness. DNA is digested with restriction enzymes, run on an electrophoretic gel, and blots made from the gel. Such blots are then hybridized with radiolabelled probe DNA consisting of cloned sequences of the short interspersed repeat sequences which are common in vertebrate genomes. Autoradiography provides a distinct banding pattern of DNA fragments containing such DNA sequences.
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DNA fingerprinting refer toa)Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA sam...
DNA fingerprinting refers to the molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples. It is a technique used to identify and distinguish between individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.
The process of DNA fingerprinting involves the following steps:
1. DNA Sample Collection: DNA samples are collected from various sources, such as blood, saliva, hair, and tissue.
2. DNA Extraction: DNA is extracted from the collected samples using various methods, such as the Chelex method, phenol-chloroform method, or commercial kits.
3. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): The extracted DNA is amplified using PCR, a technique that allows for the production of millions of copies of a specific DNA segment.
4. Gel Electrophoresis: The amplified DNA fragments are separated based on their size using gel electrophoresis. The DNA fragments are loaded onto a gel and then subjected to an electric field, which causes the DNA fragments to move through the gel.
5. DNA Analysis: The separated DNA fragments are then analyzed using various techniques, such as Southern blotting, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), or short tandem repeat (STR) analysis. These techniques allow for the identification of unique DNA profiles that can be used for identification or comparison purposes.
6. DNA Database: The DNA profiles obtained from individuals can be stored in a database for future reference. DNA databases are often used by law enforcement agencies to help solve crimes.
In conclusion, DNA fingerprinting is a powerful technique that has revolutionized the field of forensic science. It has a wide range of applications, including paternity testing, criminal investigations, and identification of human remains.
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