Neanderthal man had the largest cranial capacity
Neanderthal man is known for having the largest cranial capacity among the options given in the question. This characteristic is a key factor in understanding their cognitive abilities and evolution.

Importance of cranial capacity
- Cranial capacity is a measure of the volume of the braincase, which can provide insights into the intelligence and cognitive abilities of a species.
- A larger cranial capacity is often associated with higher intelligence and cognitive capabilities.

Neanderthal man's cranial capacity
- Neanderthals, an extinct species of human, had a cranial capacity larger than that of modern humans.
- Their average cranial capacity was around 1600 cm³, which is larger than the average cranial capacity of modern humans, which is around 1400 cm³.
- This larger cranial capacity suggests that Neanderthals may have had advanced cognitive abilities compared to other hominid species.

Comparison with other hominid species
- Peking man, Java ape man, and African man had smaller cranial capacities compared to Neanderthal man.
- This indicates that Neanderthals may have had a higher level of cognitive development and intelligence compared to these other species.
In conclusion, Neanderthal man had the largest cranial capacity among the options given, which suggests that they may have had advanced cognitive abilities and intelligence compared to other hominid species.