Retrieval-induced forgetting refers to which memory-based phenomenon?a...
Retrieval-induced forgetting refers to the improved memory for repeatedly tested or rehearsed information and the failure to remember less practiced or rehearsed information.
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Retrieval-induced forgetting refers to which memory-based phenomenon?a...
Retrieval-induced forgetting refers to which memory-based phenomenon?
The correct answer is option 'A': People remember practiced information better than unpracticed information.
Explanation:
Retrieval-induced forgetting is a memory phenomenon that occurs when a person's ability to recall certain information is impaired by the retrieval of related but competing information. It refers to the tendency for people to forget specific details or information that is related to a retrieval cue when trying to remember other related information.
Here is a detailed explanation of why option 'A' is the correct answer:
1. Retrieval Practice:
- Retrieval practice is a learning technique that involves actively recalling information from memory. It is also known as the testing effect.
- When we practice retrieving information from memory, it strengthens the neural pathways associated with that information, making it easier to recall in the future.
- Retrieval practice enhances memory retention by reinforcing the connections between the cues and the target information.
2. Competition and Inhibition:
- When we retrieve information from memory, there is a competition among related memories for retrieval.
- In the case of retrieval-induced forgetting, retrieving some information can inhibit the retrieval of related but competing information.
- This inhibition occurs because the act of retrieval strengthens the connections associated with the retrieved information, while weaker connections associated with competing information are suppressed or inhibited.
3. Forgetting of Unpracticed Information:
- Retrieval-induced forgetting leads to a specific pattern of memory loss, where the unpracticed information that competes with the retrieved information is more likely to be forgotten.
- As a result, people tend to remember practiced information better than unpracticed information because the act of retrieval strengthens the practiced information while inhibiting the unpracticed information.
4. Example:
- For instance, if someone practices recalling a list of words that are related to the topic of "fruits" (e.g., apple, banana, orange), they are likely to remember those practiced words better in the future.
- However, they may experience difficulty recalling other related words that were not practiced (e.g., grapefruit, pineapple) due to retrieval-induced forgetting.
In conclusion, retrieval-induced forgetting refers to the phenomenon where people remember practiced information better than unpracticed information. This occurs because the act of retrieval reinforces the practiced information while inhibiting the unpracticed information, leading to the forgetting of the latter.
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