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Which of the following is true?
- a)The dependent variable is manipulated by the experimenter.
- b)Experimental control involves making every condition different in every respect except the treatment (i.e. the independent variable).
- c)In a between-subjects experiment, control is typically achieved by a process of carefully assigning participants to the right conditions.
- d)In a properly designed experiment, we can infer that an observed difference must be due to our manipulation of the independent variable.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following is true?a)The dependent variable is manipulated...
Experiments also involve at least one dependent variable (or DV). This is an outcome or measurement variable, and it is this variable that the experimenter is interested in observing and which provides them with data. Control is the basis of experimental design. It involves making different conditions identical in every respect except the treatment (i.e. the independent variable).
In a between-subjects experiment, this is achieved by a process of random assignment of participants to the different conditions. In a properly designed study, if there is a difference in results obtained from measuring the dependent variable for each experimental condition, and we have equated the conditions in all respects except the manipulation of the independent variable, then we can infer that the independent variable must be the source of this difference.
In a between-subjects experiment, this is achieved by a process of random assignment of participants to the different conditions. In a properly designed study, if there is a difference in results obtained from measuring the dependent variable for each experimental condition, and we have equated the conditions in all respects except the manipulation of the independent variable, then we can infer that the independent variable must be the source of this difference.
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Which of the following is true?a)The dependent variable is manipulated...
Explanation:
In a properly designed experiment, we can infer that an observed difference must be due to our manipulation of the independent variable. This is because a properly designed experiment includes experimental control and random assignment, which help to ensure that any observed differences are indeed caused by the independent variable and not by other factors.
Experimental Control:
Experimental control involves making every condition different in every respect except the treatment (i.e., the independent variable). This means that all other factors that could potentially influence the outcome of the experiment are controlled or held constant, except for the independent variable that is being manipulated. This helps to ensure that any observed differences between conditions are due to the independent variable and not to other extraneous factors.
Random Assignment:
Random assignment is a process used in experiments to assign participants to different conditions. This process helps to ensure that participants are equally distributed across the different conditions, making the groups comparable at the start of the experiment. By randomly assigning participants, any pre-existing differences between individuals are likely to be equally distributed across the conditions, reducing the likelihood that these differences will confound the results. This enhances the internal validity of the experiment.
Between-Subjects Experiment:
In a between-subjects experiment, control is typically achieved by a process of carefully assigning participants to the right conditions. This refers to the random assignment mentioned earlier. By randomly assigning participants to different conditions, any potential confounding factors are evenly distributed, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the impact of the independent variable.
Inference:
In a properly designed experiment with experimental control and random assignment, we can infer that any observed differences between conditions are due to our manipulation of the independent variable. This is because all other potential factors that could influence the outcome are controlled, and any pre-existing differences between participants are equally distributed across conditions. Therefore, any observed differences are likely to be a result of the independent variable, providing support for causal inferences.
In a properly designed experiment, we can infer that an observed difference must be due to our manipulation of the independent variable. This is because a properly designed experiment includes experimental control and random assignment, which help to ensure that any observed differences are indeed caused by the independent variable and not by other factors.
Experimental Control:
Experimental control involves making every condition different in every respect except the treatment (i.e., the independent variable). This means that all other factors that could potentially influence the outcome of the experiment are controlled or held constant, except for the independent variable that is being manipulated. This helps to ensure that any observed differences between conditions are due to the independent variable and not to other extraneous factors.
Random Assignment:
Random assignment is a process used in experiments to assign participants to different conditions. This process helps to ensure that participants are equally distributed across the different conditions, making the groups comparable at the start of the experiment. By randomly assigning participants, any pre-existing differences between individuals are likely to be equally distributed across the conditions, reducing the likelihood that these differences will confound the results. This enhances the internal validity of the experiment.
Between-Subjects Experiment:
In a between-subjects experiment, control is typically achieved by a process of carefully assigning participants to the right conditions. This refers to the random assignment mentioned earlier. By randomly assigning participants to different conditions, any potential confounding factors are evenly distributed, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the impact of the independent variable.
Inference:
In a properly designed experiment with experimental control and random assignment, we can infer that any observed differences between conditions are due to our manipulation of the independent variable. This is because all other potential factors that could influence the outcome are controlled, and any pre-existing differences between participants are equally distributed across conditions. Therefore, any observed differences are likely to be a result of the independent variable, providing support for causal inferences.
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Which of the following is true?a)The dependent variable is manipulated by the experimenter.b)Experimental control involves making every condition different in every respect except the treatment (i.e. the independent variable).c)In a between-subjects experiment, control is typically achieved by a process of carefully assigning participants to the right conditions.d)In a properly designed experiment, we can infer that an observed difference must be due to our manipulation of the independent variable.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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