The correct answer is option 'A' i.e. Kanpur.

Kanpur is located in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was the site of a significant event during India's struggle for independence from British rule.

The Incident:

In 1857, Indian soldiers in the British army, known as sepoys, revolted against their British officers. This rebellion, which spread throughout northern India, is known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857 or the First War of Indian Independence.

In June 1857, a group of sepoys in Kanpur rebelled against their British officers and captured the city. They were led by Nana Sahib, the adopted son of the last Peshwa (ruler) of the Maratha Empire. The British garrison in Kanpur, consisting of around 900 soldiers, was taken captive by the rebels.

Assured of Safe Conduct:

Nana Sahib assured the British garrison that they would be provided safe passage to the nearest British outpost if they surrendered their weapons. The British soldiers, who were running low on supplies and ammunition, agreed to the offer.

However, Nana Sahib did not keep his promise. Instead of providing safe passage, he and his followers massacred the British soldiers in a brutal manner. The exact number of casualties is disputed, but it is believed that around 120 women and children were killed.

Impact:

The massacre at Kanpur was a turning point in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It led to a brutal crackdown by the British, who were determined to suppress the rebellion. The British eventually recaptured Kanpur and executed many of the rebels, including Nana Sahib. The rebellion was finally crushed in 1858, and India remained under British rule until 1947.

Conclusion:

The massacre at Kanpur is a reminder of the brutality of colonialism and the sacrifices made by Indians in their struggle for freedom. It is also a cautionary tale about the dangers of trusting one's enemy, as the British soldiers in Kanpur learned to their cost.