Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases are those that are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through various modes of transmission such as direct contact, droplets, airborne, fecal-oral route, and vector-borne.

Non-infectious diseases are those that are not caused by pathogenic microorganisms. These diseases may have genetic, environmental, or lifestyle factors as their causes. Some examples of non-infectious diseases include cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.

Answer Explanation

The pair that contains an infectious and a non-infectious disease respectively is option 'B', which is AIDS and cancer.

- AIDS is an infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, and vertical transmission from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
- Cancer, on the other hand, is a non-infectious disease that is caused by uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells in the body. It can be caused by genetic mutations, exposure to environmental factors such as tobacco smoke and ultraviolet radiation, and lifestyle factors such as poor diet and lack of physical activity.

Therefore, option 'B' is the correct answer as it contains one infectious disease (AIDS) and one non-infectious disease (cancer).

Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through direct contact, airborne, or vector-borne transmission. On the other hand, non-infectious diseases are caused by factors such as genetics, lifestyle, environmental factors, and aging. These diseases cannot be transmitted from one person to another.

Explanation:

The pair that contains an infectious and a non-infectious disease respectively is option 'B' which includes AIDS and cancer.

- AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV targets the immune system, destroying the body's ability to fight infections and diseases. The virus is transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk. AIDS is a pandemic that has affected millions of people worldwide.
- Cancer: Cancer is a non-infectious disease that is caused by the uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells in the body. These abnormal cells can form tumors and invade nearby tissues and organs, disrupting their normal function. Cancer can occur in any part of the body and can spread to other parts through a process called metastasis. The causes of cancer are diverse and include genetics, lifestyle factors such as smoking and diet, and environmental factors such as exposure to radiation and chemicals.

Therefore, option 'B' which includes AIDS and cancer is the correct answer as it contains an infectious and a non-infectious disease respectively.