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Epinephrine is :-
- a)Secreted from pancreas and decreases heart beat
- b)Secreted from adrenal medulla and increases heart beat
- c)Secreted from adrenal medulla and decreases heart beat
- d)Secreted from pancreas and increases heart beat
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Epinephrine is :-a)Secreted from pancreas and decreases heart beatb)Se...
Epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal medulla and increases heart rate.
- Adrenal medulla: Epinephrine is produced in the adrenal medulla, which is part of the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys.
- Function: It acts as a hormone and a neurotransmitter, stimulating the "fight or flight" response in the body.
- Heart rate: Epinephrine increases heart rate by binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, leading to increased cardiac output.
- Overall impact: This physiological response prepares the body for physical activity or stress.
- Adrenal medulla: Epinephrine is produced in the adrenal medulla, which is part of the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys.
- Function: It acts as a hormone and a neurotransmitter, stimulating the "fight or flight" response in the body.
- Heart rate: Epinephrine increases heart rate by binding to beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, leading to increased cardiac output.
- Overall impact: This physiological response prepares the body for physical activity or stress.
Most Upvoted Answer
Epinephrine is :-a)Secreted from pancreas and decreases heart beatb)Se...
Epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal medulla and increases heart rate.
Introduction:
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter that is produced and released by the adrenal medulla. It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress or emergency situations. One of the primary effects of epinephrine is its ability to increase heart rate.
Role of Epinephrine:
Epinephrine acts on various receptors in the body, including the beta-1 adrenergic receptors found in the heart. When epinephrine binds to these receptors, it triggers a series of events that result in an increased heart rate.
Stimulation of Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptors:
1. Epinephrine binds to beta-1 adrenergic receptors present in the heart.
2. This binding activates a G-protein coupled receptor pathway, leading to the activation of the enzyme adenylate cyclase.
3. Adenylate cyclase converts ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).
4. Increased levels of cAMP activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates various proteins involved in the regulation of heart rate.
5. Phosphorylation of these proteins leads to an increase in the heart rate by increasing the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, which serves as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
Overall Effect:
The activation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors by epinephrine increases the heart rate by enhancing the electrical activity of the SA node. This increased heart rate allows for improved blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body's tissues, enabling the individual to respond effectively to stressful situations.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal medulla and plays a vital role in increasing heart rate. Through its action on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, epinephrine enhances the electrical activity of the SA node, resulting in an increased heart rate. This physiological response helps the body adapt and respond to stressful situations.
Introduction:
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter that is produced and released by the adrenal medulla. It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress or emergency situations. One of the primary effects of epinephrine is its ability to increase heart rate.
Role of Epinephrine:
Epinephrine acts on various receptors in the body, including the beta-1 adrenergic receptors found in the heart. When epinephrine binds to these receptors, it triggers a series of events that result in an increased heart rate.
Stimulation of Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptors:
1. Epinephrine binds to beta-1 adrenergic receptors present in the heart.
2. This binding activates a G-protein coupled receptor pathway, leading to the activation of the enzyme adenylate cyclase.
3. Adenylate cyclase converts ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate).
4. Increased levels of cAMP activate protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates various proteins involved in the regulation of heart rate.
5. Phosphorylation of these proteins leads to an increase in the heart rate by increasing the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, which serves as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
Overall Effect:
The activation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors by epinephrine increases the heart rate by enhancing the electrical activity of the SA node. This increased heart rate allows for improved blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body's tissues, enabling the individual to respond effectively to stressful situations.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal medulla and plays a vital role in increasing heart rate. Through its action on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, epinephrine enhances the electrical activity of the SA node, resulting in an increased heart rate. This physiological response helps the body adapt and respond to stressful situations.
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Epinephrine is :-a)Secreted from pancreas and decreases heart beatb)Secreted from adrenal medulla and increases heart beatc)Secreted from adrenal medulla and decreases heart beatd)Secreted from pancreas and increases heart beatCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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