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Which of the following is correct?
(A) The religious taxZakat could be demanded only from Muslims and it was used for the benefit of the Muslim community.
(B) Kharaz or land tax from non-Muslims, varied from 1/10th to one-half.
(C) Khums were one-fifth of the spoils of war.
(D) Ushr was a land tax paid by the Muslims.
  • a)
    Only (A) and (B)
  • b)
    Only (B)
  • c)
    Only (B) and (D)
  • d)
    All of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following is correct?(A) The religious taxZakat could be ...
Explanation:
Religious Taxes in Islamic History:
- Zakat:
- Zakat is a religious tax in Islam that is obligatory for all Muslims who meet certain criteria. It is used for the benefit of the Muslim community.
- Kharaz:
- Kharaz was a land tax imposed on non-Muslims and varied from 1/10th to one-half of their produce.
- Khums:
- Khums refers to one-fifth of the spoils of war, which was traditionally taken as a tax in Islamic history.
- Ushr:
- Ushr was a land tax paid by Muslims on their agricultural produce.
Correct Answer Justification:
- Option (A) mentions the religious tax Zakat, which is accurate as it was demanded only from Muslims for the benefit of the Muslim community.
- Option (B) is correct as it describes Kharaz, a land tax imposed on non-Muslims.
- Option (C) about Khums is also accurate as it refers to one-fifth of spoils of war.
- Option (D) is correct as Ushr was indeed a land tax paid by Muslims.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - All of the above. This is because all the statements accurately describe different types of religious taxes that were prevalent in Islamic history.
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Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. What is the reason that communalism has come to be identified only with religion?

Directions (Q.51-57) for the following items:Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on these passages only. Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Consider the following statements:1. Communalism has a narrow definition of being inter-religious hence, intra- religious communalism is ignored.2. The scope of communalism needs to be studied in a broader perspective to bring in comprehensive understanding With reference of the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?

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Which of the following is correct?(A) The religious taxZakat could be demanded only from Muslims and it was used for the benefit of the Muslim community.(B) Kharaz or land tax from non-Muslims, varied from 1/10th to one-half.(C) Khums were one-fifth of the spoils of war.(D) Ushr was a land tax paid by the Muslims.a)Only (A) and (B)b)Only (B)c)Only (B) and (D)d)All of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following is correct?(A) The religious taxZakat could be demanded only from Muslims and it was used for the benefit of the Muslim community.(B) Kharaz or land tax from non-Muslims, varied from 1/10th to one-half.(C) Khums were one-fifth of the spoils of war.(D) Ushr was a land tax paid by the Muslims.a)Only (A) and (B)b)Only (B)c)Only (B) and (D)d)All of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Which of the following is correct?(A) The religious taxZakat could be demanded only from Muslims and it was used for the benefit of the Muslim community.(B) Kharaz or land tax from non-Muslims, varied from 1/10th to one-half.(C) Khums were one-fifth of the spoils of war.(D) Ushr was a land tax paid by the Muslims.a)Only (A) and (B)b)Only (B)c)Only (B) and (D)d)All of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of the following is correct?(A) The religious taxZakat could be demanded only from Muslims and it was used for the benefit of the Muslim community.(B) Kharaz or land tax from non-Muslims, varied from 1/10th to one-half.(C) Khums were one-fifth of the spoils of war.(D) Ushr was a land tax paid by the Muslims.a)Only (A) and (B)b)Only (B)c)Only (B) and (D)d)All of the aboveCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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