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Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological succession:
- A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession.
- Lichens and Mosses are pioneer species of a primary succession.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)1 only
- b)2 only
- c)Both 1 and 2
- d)Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological suc...
Ecological succession refers to the process in which the structure and composition of a community change over time. It can occur in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and is driven by various factors such as disturbance, climate change, and species interactions. Here, we will address the given statements related to ecological succession.
Seral Community:
A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. It represents an intermediate stage between the initial pioneer community and the climax community. As ecological succession progresses, different seral communities may arise, each characterized by specific species adaptations and interactions. These communities are gradually replaced by more complex and stable communities until the climax community is reached. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
Pioneer Species:
Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize a barren or disturbed habitat during primary succession. They are able to tolerate harsh environmental conditions and are essential in initiating the process of ecological succession. Lichens and mosses are commonly observed as pioneer species in primary successions, particularly in bare rock or glacial moraine environments where little or no soil is present. These organisms are able to grow and survive in such nutrient-poor and harsh conditions. As they colonize the area, they begin to break down the rock surface and create organic matter, facilitating the development of soil for other plant species. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.
Combining the above information, both statements 1 and 2 are correct. Seral communities play a crucial role in the process of ecological succession, representing transitional stages between pioneer species and climax communities. Lichens and mosses are indeed pioneer species commonly found in primary successions, where they play a significant role in soil development and establishment of other plant species.
Overall, understanding the concepts of seral communities and pioneer species is essential in comprehending the dynamic process of ecological succession and the changes that occur in a community over time.
Seral Community:
A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. It represents an intermediate stage between the initial pioneer community and the climax community. As ecological succession progresses, different seral communities may arise, each characterized by specific species adaptations and interactions. These communities are gradually replaced by more complex and stable communities until the climax community is reached. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
Pioneer Species:
Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize a barren or disturbed habitat during primary succession. They are able to tolerate harsh environmental conditions and are essential in initiating the process of ecological succession. Lichens and mosses are commonly observed as pioneer species in primary successions, particularly in bare rock or glacial moraine environments where little or no soil is present. These organisms are able to grow and survive in such nutrient-poor and harsh conditions. As they colonize the area, they begin to break down the rock surface and create organic matter, facilitating the development of soil for other plant species. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.
Combining the above information, both statements 1 and 2 are correct. Seral communities play a crucial role in the process of ecological succession, representing transitional stages between pioneer species and climax communities. Lichens and mosses are indeed pioneer species commonly found in primary successions, where they play a significant role in soil development and establishment of other plant species.
Overall, understanding the concepts of seral communities and pioneer species is essential in comprehending the dynamic process of ecological succession and the changes that occur in a community over time.
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Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological suc...
- "Ecological succession" is the observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. Succession occurs due to large scale changes or destruction (natural or manmade). Within any community some species may become less abundant over some time interval, or they may even vanish from the ecosystem altogether. Similarly, over some time interval, other species within the community may become more abundant, or new species may even invade into the community from adjacent ecosystems. This observed change over time in what is living in a particular ecosystem is "ecological succession".
- Primary succession is an ecological succession where a newly formed area is colonized for the first time by a group of species or a community. This previously uninhabited, barren area is usually lacking topsoil and organic matter.
- The species colonizing an uninhabited area for the first time is referred to as the pioneer species and the dominating community is called pioneer community. For example, in primary succession on a terrestrial site, the new site is first colonised by a few hardy pioneer species that are often microbes, lichens and mosses. Hence statement 2 is correct.
- Secondary succession occurs when a previously occupied area is colonized by a new dominating group of species or communities.
- In secondary succession, the new inhabitants replace the previous communities over a habitat that had been exposed to a particular ecological disturbance. The disturbance may be an external or an internal factor. An example of secondary succession is the recolonization of an area damaged by fire.
- Primary succession takes a longer period of time to be established and completed, i.e. a thousand or more years. On the contrary, the secondary succession often occurs relatively faster, requiring only a shorter period of time, like a decade or a hundred years. This is because an area that has just been newly formed would be initially unfavorable for most life forms.
- There is a concept in ecological succession called the "climax" community. It is the final stage of succession. The climax community represents a stable end product of the successional sequence. Though forests form the climax community in most of the ecosystems, in the grassland ecosystem grasses form the climax community.
- The stage leading to the climax community is called successional stages or seres. Each transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession is called a stage in succession or a seral community.
- Hence statement 1 is correct
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Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological succession: A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. Lichens and Mosses are pioneer species of a primary succession.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological succession: A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. Lichens and Mosses are pioneer species of a primary succession.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological succession: A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. Lichens and Mosses are pioneer species of a primary succession.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider the following statements with reference to the ecological succession: A seral community is a transitional community that is formed and replaced during succession. Lichens and Mosses are pioneer species of a primary succession.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
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