Tropical moist deciduous forest

In India, teak (Tectona grandis) is a dominant tree species in the tropical moist deciduous forests. These forests are characterized by a high density of trees that shed their leaves during the dry season. They are found in regions with a distinct dry period, followed by a wet season.

Characteristics of tropical moist deciduous forests:

1. Climate: These forests are typically found in areas with a monsoon climate, where there is a distinct dry season lasting for several months followed by heavy rainfall during the wet season.

2. Temperature: The temperature in these forests ranges from warm to hot throughout the year, with average annual temperatures around 25-27 degrees Celsius.

3. Vegetation: The dominant tree species in tropical moist deciduous forests include teak, sal (Shorea robusta), saal (Shorea robusta), shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), and other hardwood species. Teak is particularly well-adapted to these forests due to its ability to withstand the dry season and thrive in the wet season.

4. Understory vegetation: The understory of these forests consists of a diverse range of shrubs, herbs, and grasses that grow during the wet season but become dormant or die back during the dry season.

5. Biodiversity: Tropical moist deciduous forests are known for their high biodiversity, supporting a wide range of plant and animal species. These forests provide important habitats for various wildlife, including elephants, tigers, leopards, deer, and numerous bird species.

6. Human impact: These forests have been significantly impacted by human activities such as logging, agriculture, and urbanization. Large areas of tropical moist deciduous forests have been cleared for cultivation, leading to habitat loss and fragmentation.

In conclusion, teak is a dominant tree species in the tropical moist deciduous forests of India. These forests are characterized by a distinct dry season followed by heavy rainfall, and they support a diverse range of plant and animal species. However, they are also under threat due to human activities, emphasizing the need for conservation and sustainable management practices.