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Which of the following are the true functions of the electoral process in a democracy like India? 
  1. To keep the government responsive to the popular will 
  2. To bring together citizens to choose public decision makers 
  3. To change the government periodically if necessary 
  4. To support a competitive party system 
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
  • a)
    1 and 2 
  • b)
    1, 2 and 3
  • c)
    1, 3 and 4 
  • d)
    2, 3 and 4
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following are the true functions of the electoral process...
The nature of democracy is that elected officials are accountable to the people, and they must return to the voters at prescribed intervals to seek their mandate to continue in office. For that reason most democratic constitutions provide that elections are held at fixed regular intervals.
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Which of the following are the true functions of the electoral process...
The true functions of the electoral process in a democracy like India are as follows:

1. To keep the government responsive to the popular will:
- Elections provide an opportunity for citizens to express their preferences and choose their representatives.
- It ensures that the government remains accountable to the people and their needs and aspirations.
- By casting their vote, citizens can hold their elected representatives responsible for their actions and decisions.

2. To bring together citizens to choose public decision makers:
- Elections serve as a platform for citizens to come together and participate in the democratic process.
- It allows individuals to exercise their right to vote and have a say in the selection of their leaders.
- Through elections, citizens can collectively determine the direction and policies of their government.

3. To change the government periodically if necessary:
- Elections provide a mechanism for peaceful and orderly transfer of power.
- It allows for a change in government if the current administration fails to meet the expectations or if the citizens desire a different leadership.
- This periodic change ensures that the government remains accountable and responsive to the changing needs and aspirations of the people.

4. To support a competitive party system:
- Elections encourage the existence of multiple political parties and a competitive political environment.
- It allows for a diversity of viewpoints and ideologies to be represented.
- This competition among political parties promotes healthy debate, policy alternatives, and effective governance.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' - 1, 2, and 3.
These functions of the electoral process ensure that the government remains accountable, citizens have a voice in decision-making, and the democratic system remains dynamic and responsive to the changing needs and aspirations of the people.
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Passage - 2Net profits are only 2.2% of their total assets for central public sector undertakings, lower than for the private corporate sector. While the public sector or the State-led entrepreneurship played an important role in triggering Indias industrialization, our evolving development needs, comparatively less-than-satisfactory performance of the public sector enterprises, the maturing of our private sector, a much larger social base now available for expanding entrepreneurship and the growing institutional capabilities to enforce competition policies would suggest that the time has come to review the role of public sector.What should the portfolio composition of the government be? It should not remain static all times. The airline industry works well as a purely private affair. At the opposite end, rural roads, whose sparse traffic makes tolling unviable, have to be on the balance-sheet of the State. If the government did not own rural roads, they would not exist.Similarly, public health capital in our towns and cities will need to come from the public sector. Equally, preservation and improvement of forest cover will have to be a new priority for the public sector assets.Take the example of steel. With near-zero tariffs, India is a globally competitive market for the metal. Indian firms export steel into the global market which demonstrates there is no gap in technology. Indian companies are buying up global steel companies, which shows there is no gap in capital availability. Under these conditions, private ownership works best.Private ownership is clearly desirable in regulated industries, ranging from, finance to infrastructure, where a government agency performs the function of regulation and multiple competing firms are located in the private sector. Here, the simple and clean solution - government as the umpire and the private sector as the players is what works best. In many of these industries, we have a legacy of government ownership, where productivity tends to be lower, fear of bankruptcy is absent, and the risk of asking for money from the tax payer is ever present. There is also the conflict of interest between government as an owner and as the regulator.The formulation and implementation of competition policy will be more vigorous and fair if government companies are out of action.Q.According to the passage, rural roads should be in the domain of public sector only. Why?

Passage - 2Net profits are only 2.2% of their total assets for central public sector undertakings, lower than for the private corporate sector. While the public sector or the State-led entrepreneurship played an important role in triggering Indias industrialization, our evolving development needs, comparatively less-than-satisfactory performance of the public sector enterprises, the maturing of our private sector, a much larger social base now available for expanding entrepreneurship and the growing institutional capabilities to enforce competition policies would suggest that the time has come to review the role of public sector.What should the portfolio composition of the government be? It should not remain static all times. The airline industry works well as a purely private affair. At the opposite end, rural roads, whose sparse traffic makes tolling unviable, have to be on the balance-sheet of the State. If the government did not own rural roads, they would not exist.Similarly, public health capital in our towns and cities will need to come from the public sector. Equally, preservation and improvement of forest cover will have to be a new priority for the public sector assets.Take the example of steel. With near-zero tariffs, India is a globally competitive market for the metal. Indian firms export steel into the global market which demonstrates there is no gap in technology. Indian companies are buying up global steel companies, which shows there is no gap in capital availability. Under these conditions, private ownership works best.Private ownership is clearly desirable in regulated industries, ranging from, finance to infrastructure, where a government agency performs the function of regulation and multiple competing firms are located in the private sector. Here, the simple and clean solution - government as the umpire and the private sector as the players is what works best. In many of these industries, we have a legacy of government ownership, where productivity tends to be lower, fear of bankruptcy is absent, and the risk of asking for money from the tax payer is ever present. There is also the conflict of interest between government as an owner and as the regulator.The formulation and implementation of competition policy will be more vigorous and fair if government companies are out of action.Q.The author prefers government as the umpire and private sector as players because

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Which of the following are the true functions of the electoral process in a democracy like India? To keep the government responsive to the popular will To bring together citizens to choose public decision makers To change the government periodically if necessary To support a competitive party systemSelect the correct answer from the codes given below: a)1 and 2b)1, 2 and 3c)1, 3 and 4d)2, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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