Human Rights Protection Law in India was passed in the year 1993.

Explanation:

The Human Rights Protection Law in India, also known as the Protection of Human Rights Act, was enacted by the Parliament of India in 1993. This law was passed to establish the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and State Human Rights Commissions (SHRCs) for the protection and promotion of human rights in the country.

1. Background:
- Prior to the enactment of this law, there was no dedicated institution to address human rights violations in India.
- The need for a comprehensive legislation to safeguard human rights was recognized both at the national and international levels.

2. Introduction of the Law:
- The Protection of Human Rights Bill was introduced in the Parliament in 1991.
- After detailed discussions and deliberations, the Bill was passed by both the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) in 1993.
- It received the assent of the President of India on 28th September 1993, thereby becoming an Act.

3. Key Provisions of the Law:
- The law provides for the establishment of the NHRC at the national level, and SHRCs at the state level.
- The NHRC consists of a Chairperson and members appointed by the President of India.
- The SHRCs consist of a Chairperson and members appointed by the respective State Governments.
- These commissions are empowered to inquire into complaints of human rights violations, initiate suo moto investigations, and take necessary actions for the protection of human rights.

4. Functions and Powers of the Commissions:
- The commissions have the power to visit prisons, detention centers, and other places of custody to ensure the protection of human rights.
- They can also recommend measures for the effective implementation of human rights safeguards.
- The commissions have the authority to intervene in legal proceedings involving human rights violations and provide relief to the victims.

5. Impact and Significance:
- The establishment of the NHRC and SHRCs has played a crucial role in addressing human rights violations in India.
- These institutions have brought transparency and accountability in the functioning of the government and its agencies.
- They have been instrumental in securing justice for victims of human rights abuses and ensuring the protection of human rights in the country.

In conclusion, the Human Rights Protection Law in India was passed in 1993, leading to the establishment of the NHRC and SHRCs. This law has been instrumental in safeguarding human rights and promoting justice in the country.