Introduction:
The office of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India is based on the concept of Ombudsman in Scandinavia.

Explanation:
The concept of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India is based on the idea of an ombudsman, which originated in Scandinavia. Ombudsman is a Swedish word which means "representative" or "agent of the people". The ombudsman system was first established in Sweden in 1809 to address citizen grievances against government officials.

Definition:
An ombudsman is an independent and impartial public official appointed to investigate complaints against government agencies, public officials, and institutions. The ombudsman acts as a watchdog and ensures transparency, accountability, and fairness in the functioning of the government.

Key Features of Ombudsman System:
1. Independent Authority: The ombudsman is appointed by the legislature or the executive branch but operates independently and is not subject to direct control by the government.

2. Jurisdiction: The ombudsman has the power to investigate complaints related to maladministration, corruption, abuse of power, and violation of human rights by government agencies and officials.

3. Remedial Action: The ombudsman can recommend appropriate remedial action, including administrative reforms, disciplinary action, and prosecution, based on the findings of the investigation.

4. Accessibility: The ombudsman's office is easily accessible to the public, and anyone can file a complaint without any cost or legal representation.

5. Transparency: The ombudsman operates in a transparent manner by conducting investigations in an open and fair manner and providing regular reports on its activities.

Lokpal and Lokayukta Act:
The Lokpal and Lokayukta Act, 2013, establishes the office of Lokpal at the central level and Lokayukta at the state level in India. The Lokpal is an anti-corruption authority responsible for receiving and investigating complaints of corruption against public officials, including the Prime Minister and Members of Parliament. The Lokayukta performs a similar role at the state level.

Conclusion:
The office of Lokpal and Lokayukta in India is based on the concept of an ombudsman in Scandinavia. This system provides an independent and impartial mechanism to address citizen grievances and ensure accountability and transparency in the functioning of the government.