The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and its Establishment

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is the premier investigative agency of India. It functions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions of the Government of India. The CBI is responsible for investigating various high-profile cases, including corruption, economic offenses, and other serious crimes.

Establishment of the CBI

The CBI was established in the year 1963, as mentioned in option 'b'. It was established by a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs on April 1, 1963. The resolution outlined the functions and powers of the organization, which was initially named the Special Police Establishment (SPE). The SPE was set up on the recommendation of the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption in 1962.

The CBI was established in response to the growing need for a specialized investigative agency that could handle cases of corruption and other serious offenses involving public servants and government officials.

Functions of the CBI

The CBI is tasked with a wide range of functions, including:

1. Investigating corruption cases: The CBI is responsible for investigating cases of corruption involving public servants, politicians, and government officials. It has the authority to conduct searches, seizures, and arrests as part of its investigations.

2. Economic offenses: The CBI also investigates economic offenses such as fraud, money laundering, and financial irregularities. It works closely with other government agencies and financial institutions to uncover such offenses.

3. Special crimes: The CBI investigates other serious crimes, such as terrorism, organized crime, and cybercrime, when directed by the central government or upon the request of state governments.

4. International cooperation: The CBI collaborates with foreign law enforcement agencies and international organizations in matters of mutual interest, such as extradition, sharing of intelligence, and joint investigations.

Conclusion

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was established in 1963 to serve as India's premier investigative agency. It plays a crucial role in the prevention and detection of corruption, economic offenses, and other serious crimes. The CBI's establishment has been instrumental in ensuring a fair and impartial investigation in high-profile cases, thereby upholding the rule of law in the country.