**The d orbital involved in the hybridization to form square planar and trigonal bipyramid Geometries are responsible? Explain in details.**

**Introduction:**
In chemistry, hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that are suitable for bonding. Hybridization plays a crucial role in determining the geometry of molecules or ions. In the case of square planar and trigonal bipyramidal geometries, specific d orbitals are involved in the hybridization process.

**Square Planar Geometry:**
Square planar geometry is found in molecules or ions with the coordination number of 4, such as tetracoordinate transition metal complexes. In square planar geometry, the central atom is surrounded by four ligands arranged at the corners of a square.

**d Orbitals Involved:**
In square planar geometry, the central atom undergoes dsp2 hybridization, which involves the mixing of one s orbital, three p orbitals, and two d orbitals. The d orbitals involved in the hybridization are the dxy and dx2-y2 orbitals. These d orbitals are oriented in the xy plane and are responsible for the square planar geometry.

**Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry:**
Trigonal bipyramidal geometry is found in molecules or ions with the coordination number of 5, such as pentacoordinate transition metal complexes. In trigonal bipyramidal geometry, the central atom is surrounded by five ligands arranged in a trigonal bipyramid shape.

**d Orbitals Involved:**
In trigonal bipyramidal geometry, the central atom undergoes sp3d hybridization, which involves the mixing of one s orbital, three p orbitals, and one d orbital. The d orbital involved in the hybridization is the dz2 orbital. This d orbital is oriented along the z-axis and is responsible for the trigonal bipyramidal geometry.

**Summary:**
In summary, the d orbitals involved in the hybridization process to form square planar and trigonal bipyramidal geometries are as follows:

- Square Planar Geometry: dxy and dx2-y2 orbitals are involved in dsp2 hybridization.
- Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry: dz2 orbital is involved in sp3d hybridization.

These d orbitals contribute to the formation of new hybrid orbitals that are suitable for bonding and determine the geometry of molecules or ions with square planar and trigonal bipyramidal geometries.