Year: 1956

Correct Option: C

Explanation:

Historical Context:
- The year 1956 is significant in the history of India as it witnessed several important events and developments.
- India had gained independence from British rule in 1947 and was in the process of consolidating its newly acquired freedom.
- The country was faced with numerous challenges and was striving to establish a stable and prosperous nation.

Key Events and Developments:
1. States Reorganization Act, 1956:
- One of the major events of 1956 was the implementation of the States Reorganization Act.
- This act was aimed at reorganizing the states of India on linguistic lines, thereby ensuring better governance and administration.
- It led to the formation of several new states and union territories, based on the predominant language spoken in each region.
- The act aimed at promoting linguistic and cultural unity within the country.

2. Formation of States and Union Territories:
- As a result of the States Reorganization Act, several new states and union territories were formed in 1956.
- Some of the significant formations include:
- Andhra Pradesh: Formed by the merger of Andhra State and Telangana region.
- Kerala: Formed by merging the Malabar district, Travancore-Cochin, and the princely state of Cochin.
- Maharashtra and Gujarat: Created from the bilingual Bombay State, based on linguistic lines.
- Union Territories: Daman and Diu, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Pondicherry were also formed.

3. Economic Developments:
- In 1956, India adopted the Second Five Year Plan, a comprehensive economic development plan aimed at rapid industrialization and agricultural growth.
- The plan focused on various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and infrastructure development.
- It aimed at reducing poverty, increasing employment opportunities, and improving living standards.

4. International Relations:
- In 1956, India played a significant role in the Bandung Conference held in Indonesia.
- The conference aimed at promoting cooperation and solidarity among newly independent nations and discussing issues related to decolonization and global peace.
- India, along with other countries, emphasized the principles of non-alignment, peaceful coexistence, and respect for national sovereignty.

Conclusion:
The correct answer, option 'C', signifies the importance of the States Reorganization Act of 1956 and the subsequent formation of new states and union territories based on linguistic lines. This act played a crucial role in promoting linguistic and cultural unity within India. Additionally, the year 1956 witnessed significant economic developments through the adoption of the Second Five Year Plan and active participation in international forums like the Bandung Conference.