Answer:

When the area decreases, the pressure increases. This can be explained by the relationship between pressure and area, known as Pascal's principle.

Pascal's Principle:
Pascal's principle states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase in pressure throughout the entire fluid.

Explanation:
When the area decreases, the same amount of force is applied over a smaller area. This results in an increase in pressure because the force is concentrated in a smaller space.

To understand this concept, let's consider a simple example of a syringe. A syringe consists of a piston and a cylindrical chamber. When the syringe is compressed by pushing the piston, the area of the chamber decreases, and as a result, the pressure inside the syringe increases.

Example:
Imagine you have a syringe with a large piston and a small piston connected by a tube. When you push down on the large piston, the area of the small piston decreases, but the force remains the same. As a result, the pressure exerted by the small piston increases.

Mathematical Explanation:
Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Mathematically, pressure (P) can be expressed as:

P = F/A

Where:
- P is the pressure
- F is the force applied
- A is the area over which the force is applied

From this equation, it is clear that when the area (A) decreases, and the force (F) remains constant, the pressure (P) increases. This can be further understood by rearranging the equation as:

P = F/A

Since force (F) is constant, when the area (A) decreases, the pressure (P) increases proportionally.

Therefore, when the area decreases, the pressure increases.