The Structure that Plants use to Exchange Gases

Plants exchange gases (CO2 and O2) through specific structures called stomata. These are tiny pores or openings present on the surface of leaves, stems, and other plant organs.

Role of Stomata in Gas Exchange

Stomata play a vital role in gas exchange by allowing the movement of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. When the plant needs to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis or release oxygen as a byproduct, the stomata open up. Conversely, when the plant needs to conserve water or prevent water loss due to transpiration, the stomata close.

Structure of Stomata

Stomata are composed of two specialized cells called guard cells that surround a pore or opening. These guard cells can change shape to open or close the stomata. When the guard cells are turgid or swollen with water, the stomata open. Conversely, when the guard cells lose water and become flaccid, the stomata close.

Functioning of Stomata

During gas exchange, CO2 molecules diffuse into the plant through the open stomata, and oxygen molecules diffuse out of the plant into the atmosphere. In addition, water vapor is also released through the stomata, which can lead to water loss from the plant.

Conclusion

In conclusion, plants exchange gases through specialized structures called stomata. These tiny pores on the surface of leaves, stems, and other plant organs allow the movement of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. The guard cells surrounding the stomata can change shape to open or close the stomata, depending on the plant's needs.