How does turgor.pressure of guard cells.regulate stomatal pores?

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Regulation of Stomatal Pores by Turgor Pressure of Guard Cells

Introduction: Stomatal pores are essential for the exchange of gases between the plant and the environment. They are present on the surface of leaves and regulate gas exchange by opening and closing their pores. The opening and closing of stomata are regulated by the turgor pressure of guard cells.

Guard Cells: Guard cells are specialized cells that surround the stomatal pore. They have a unique kidney-shaped structure, which enables them to change their shape and regulate the size of the stomatal pore. The turgor pressure of these cells changes the shape of the guard cells and opens or closes the stomatal pore.

Turgor Pressure: Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted on the cell wall by the water present inside the cell. When the guard cells absorb water, they swell and become turgid, which causes them to bend and open the stomatal pore. In contrast, when water is lost from the guard cells, they become flaccid, and the stomatal pore closes.

Regulation of Stomatal Pores: The turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by various factors, including light, humidity, temperature, and CO2 concentration. For example, in the presence of light, the concentration of potassium ions inside the guard cells increases, which leads to the absorption of water and an increase in turgor pressure. This, in turn, opens the stomatal pore and allows gas exchange to occur.

Importance: The regulation of stomatal pores by the turgor pressure of guard cells is crucial for the survival of plants. It enables them to maintain a balance between water loss and gas exchange, allowing them to conserve water while still obtaining the necessary gases for photosynthesis. It also helps them to respond to changing environmental conditions and avoid damage from extreme temperatures, humidity, and other factors.

In conclusion, the turgor pressure of guard cells is essential for regulating stomatal pores and maintaining the gas exchange in plants. The regulation of turgor pressure is affected by various factors that allow plants to respond to their environment and maintain homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms of stomatal regulation is crucial for improving crop yields and developing strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change.

Answer

Opening and closing of stomata occurs due to the changes in the turgor pressure of the guard cells. When guard cells are turgid, stomatal pores are open, while in flaccid form, the stomatal pores are closed.

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