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With reference to the Tuberculosis (TB), consider the following statements:
1. It is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
2. TB is spread from person to person through the air.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- a)1 only
- b)2 only
- c)Both 1 and 2
- d)Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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With reference to the Tuberculosis (TB), consider the following statem...
Around 10.6 million people across the world were diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in 2021, an increase of 4.5% from 2020, while 1.6 million patients died of the bacterial disease, according to the World Health Organization’s 2022 Global TB report.
- With 28% cases, India was among the eight countries accounting for more than two-third (or 68.3%) of the total TB patients’ count.
- The other countries were Indonesia (9.2% cases), China (7.4%), the Philippines (7%), Pakistan (5.8%), Nigeria (4.4%), Bangladesh (3.6%) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2.9%).
- The burden of drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) also increased by 3% globally between 2020 and 2021.
- India was among the three countries — others being Indonesia and the Philippines — that accounted for most of the reduction in 2020 (67% of the global total).
- They made partial recoveries in 2021, but still accounted for 60% of the global reduction compared with 2019, according to the report.
Tuberculosis (TB):
- Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs.
- It is curable and preventable disease.
- Two kinds of tuberculosis infection:
- Latent TB - The bacteria remain in the body in an inactive state. They cause no symptoms and are not contagious, but they can become active.
- Active TB - The bacteria do cause symptoms and can be transmitted to others.
- About one-quarter of the world's population has latent TB.
- People infected with TB bacteria have a 5–15% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB.
- However, persons with compromised immune systems, such as people living with HIV, malnutrition or diabetes, or people who use tobacco, have a much higher risk of falling ill.
- Transmission:
- TB is spread from person to person through the air.
- When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air.
- Even after inhaling a few drops of these germ, a person can get infected.
Hence both statements are correct.
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With reference to the Tuberculosis (TB), consider the following statements:1. It is caused bybacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).2. TB is spread from person to person through the air.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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