Full Wave Rectifier and its Working Principle

A full wave rectifier is an electronic circuit that converts an alternating current (AC) input voltage into a direct current (DC) output voltage. It is commonly used in power supplies and electronic devices to convert AC power into a usable DC power source. The full wave rectifier consists of diodes and a transformer.

Working Principle:
The input voltage of the full wave rectifier is provided by a transformer, which steps down the high voltage AC supply to the desired level. The input voltage is usually denoted as V_m and is given as 300V in this case.

Rectification Process:
The rectification process involves converting the negative half-cycle of the AC input voltage into a positive half-cycle, resulting in a pulsating DC waveform. This is achieved by using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer.

Here's how the rectification process works:

1. Positive Half-Cycle:
During the positive half-cycle of the AC input voltage, the top diode (D₁) conducts, allowing current to flow through it. This current passes through the load resistor and produces a positive voltage across it.

2. Negative Half-Cycle:
During the negative half-cycle of the AC input voltage, the bottom diode (D₂) conducts, allowing current to flow through it in the opposite direction. This current also passes through the load resistor and produces a positive voltage across it.

3. Output Voltage:
The output voltage of the full wave rectifier is the combination of the positive half-cycles produced by both diodes. As a result, the output voltage is a pulsating DC waveform that still contains some AC component.

Calculating the DC Value of the Output Voltage:
To calculate the DC value of the output voltage, we need to determine the average value of the pulsating DC waveform. This can be done using the following formula:

V_dc = V_m / π

In this case, the input voltage (V_m) is given as 300V. Therefore, the DC value of the output voltage can be calculated as follows:

V_dc = 300V / π
V_dc ≈ 95.49V

Thus, the DC value of the output voltage is approximately 95.49V.

Conclusion:
A full wave rectifier converts AC input voltage into a pulsating DC output voltage. By using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer, it rectifies both positive and negative half-cycles of the input voltage. The DC value of the output voltage can be calculated using the formula V_dc = V_m / π. In this case, the input voltage of the transformer was given as 300V, resulting in a DC output voltage of approximately 95.49V.