Functions of Cnidoblasts in Coelenterates

Cnidoblasts are specialized cells found on the tentacles of a coelenterate. They have a capsule-like structure called a nematocyst that contains a coiled thread-like structure called a cnidocil. The cnidocil acts as a trigger that initiates the release of the nematocyst. The functions performed by the cnidoblasts present on the tentacles of a coelenterate are:

Anchorage

Cnidoblasts help in anchoring the coelenterate to a substrate or a prey. They can release adhesive substances that help in attaching the coelenterate to a surface.

Defence and Capturing Prey

Cnidoblasts are primarily used for capturing prey and defence against predators. When a prey item comes in contact with the tentacles, the nematocysts are triggered, and the coiled thread-like structure is ejected. The thread-like structure can entangle or paralyze the prey, making it easier for the coelenterate to consume it. In case of a predator, the nematocysts can release toxins to deter or paralyze the predator.

Digestion

Once the prey is captured, the cnidoblasts help in digestion by releasing enzymes and other digestive chemicals that break down the prey into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the coelenterate.

Both Anchorage and Defence

Cnidoblasts can also help in anchoring the coelenterate to a substrate and defending against predators simultaneously. For example, in sea anemones, the cnidoblasts on the tentacles are used for both defence and anchoring to a substrate.

Conclusion

Cnidoblasts are specialized cells found on the tentacles of coelenterates that have a capsule-like structure called a nematocyst containing a coiled thread-like structure called a cnidocil. These cells perform various functions such as anchorage, defence, capturing prey, and digestion. In some cases, cnidoblasts can perform multiple functions simultaneously.

This cnidoblast cell helps the animal to capture prey or to defend themselves from predator. Venom produce by cnidoblasts are neurotoxic which immediately paralyzes the mobile prey. Cnidoblasts are the distinctive feature of the phylum Cnidaria. These are present on the body surface and tentacles. They work by projecting a thread-like structure for defence and to capture prey.