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Geometrical shapes of the complexes formed by the reaction of Ni2+ with Cl-, CN- and H2O, respectively, are
- a)octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar
- b)tetrahedral, square planar and octahedral
- c)square planar, tetrahedral and octahedral
- d)octahedral, square planar and octahedral
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Geometrical shapes of the complexes formed by the reaction of Ni2+ wi...
Ni2+ + 4Cl- → [NiCl4]2- - tetrahedral due to sp3 hybridisation.
Ni2+ + 4CN- → [Ni(CN)4]2- - dsp2 hybridisation, it is square planar.
Ni2+ + 6H2O → [Ni(H2O)6]2+ - sp3d2 hybridisation, it is octahedral.
Community Answer
Geometrical shapes of the complexes formed by the reaction of Ni2+ wi...
Introduction
The geometry of metal complexes depends on the nature of the ligands and the coordination number of the metal ion. Nickel (Ni2+) can form various complexes with different geometries based on the ligands involved.
Geometries of Nickel Complexes
- Ni2+ with Cl-:
- Geometry: Tetrahedral
- Explanation: Chloride ions are weak field ligands, and they can lead to the formation of tetrahedral complexes with Ni2+. This is especially true when Ni2+ is in a low oxidation state and has a tendency to coordinate in tetrahedral geometry.
- Ni2+ with CN-:
- Geometry: Square Planar
- Explanation: Cyanide is a strong field ligand and has a strong tendency to cause pairing of electrons in the d-orbitals of Ni2+. This results in a square planar geometry, which is common for d8 metal ions like Ni2+ in this environment.
- Ni2+ with H2O:
- Geometry: Octahedral
- Explanation: Water is a neutral ligand and, when coordinated with Ni2+, typically forms octahedral complexes. This is due to its ability to donate lone pairs and the preference of Ni2+ for coordination numbers of six.
Conclusion
Thus, when Ni2+ forms complexes with Cl-, CN-, and H2O, the resulting geometries are:
- Ni2+ + Cl-: Tetrahedral
- Ni2+ + CN-: Square Planar
- Ni2+ + H2O: Octahedral
Hence, the correct answer is option 'B': Tetrahedral, Square Planar, and Octahedral.
The geometry of metal complexes depends on the nature of the ligands and the coordination number of the metal ion. Nickel (Ni2+) can form various complexes with different geometries based on the ligands involved.
Geometries of Nickel Complexes
- Ni2+ with Cl-:
- Geometry: Tetrahedral
- Explanation: Chloride ions are weak field ligands, and they can lead to the formation of tetrahedral complexes with Ni2+. This is especially true when Ni2+ is in a low oxidation state and has a tendency to coordinate in tetrahedral geometry.
- Ni2+ with CN-:
- Geometry: Square Planar
- Explanation: Cyanide is a strong field ligand and has a strong tendency to cause pairing of electrons in the d-orbitals of Ni2+. This results in a square planar geometry, which is common for d8 metal ions like Ni2+ in this environment.
- Ni2+ with H2O:
- Geometry: Octahedral
- Explanation: Water is a neutral ligand and, when coordinated with Ni2+, typically forms octahedral complexes. This is due to its ability to donate lone pairs and the preference of Ni2+ for coordination numbers of six.
Conclusion
Thus, when Ni2+ forms complexes with Cl-, CN-, and H2O, the resulting geometries are:
- Ni2+ + Cl-: Tetrahedral
- Ni2+ + CN-: Square Planar
- Ni2+ + H2O: Octahedral
Hence, the correct answer is option 'B': Tetrahedral, Square Planar, and Octahedral.
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