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Though the Portuguese were the first to arrive in India, they were incapable of maintaining a trade monopoly in the East for a long because
Its merchants enjoyed more power than its landed aristocrats.
  • Portuguese lagged behind in the development of shipping as compared to other European powers.
  • They followed a policy of religious intolerance.
    Select the correct answer using the code given below.
    • a)
      1 and 2 only
    • b)
      2 and 3 only
    • c)
      1 and 3 only
    • d)
      1, 2 and 3
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
    Most Upvoted Answer
    Though the Portuguese were the first to arrive in India, they were in...
    Explanation:

    The correct answer is option B, which states that the Portuguese were incapable of maintaining a trade monopoly in the East for a long because they lagged behind in the development of shipping as compared to other European powers and followed a policy of religious intolerance.

    Reason 1: Portuguese lagged behind in the development of shipping
    - While the Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in India, they were not able to maintain their trade monopoly in the East for a long time.
    - One of the reasons for this was that they lagged behind in the development of shipping as compared to other European powers, such as the Dutch and the British.
    - The Portuguese initially had an advantage in terms of naval power, but they did not invest enough in the development of their shipping industry. This allowed other European powers to catch up and surpass them in terms of trade and naval strength.

    Reason 2: They followed a policy of religious intolerance
    - Another reason why the Portuguese were unable to maintain their trade monopoly in the East was because of their policy of religious intolerance.
    - The Portuguese were staunch Catholics and they sought to spread Christianity in the regions they colonized.
    - They often used force and coercion to convert the local populations to Christianity, which created resentment and resistance among the indigenous people.
    - This policy of religious intolerance alienated the local populations and led to conflicts and uprisings against Portuguese rule.
    - In contrast, other European powers like the Dutch and the British were more tolerant of different religions and cultures, which allowed them to establish better relations with the local populations and maintain their trade monopolies for longer periods.

    Conclusion:
    In conclusion, the Portuguese were incapable of maintaining a trade monopoly in the East for a long time because they lagged behind in the development of shipping as compared to other European powers and followed a policy of religious intolerance. These factors weakened their position and allowed other European powers to surpass them in trade and naval strength.
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    Though the Portuguese were the first to arrive in India, they were incapable of maintaining a trade monopoly in the East for a long because Its merchants enjoyed more power than its landed aristocrats. Portuguese lagged behind in the development of shipping as compared to other European powers. They followed a policy of religious intolerance. Select the correct answer using the code given below.a)1 and 2 onlyb)2 and 3 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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