The first step in the lost-wax process is creating a wax model of an image. This process is commonly used in sculpture and jewelry making to create intricate and detailed metal pieces. The lost-wax process, also known as investment casting or cire-perdue in French, dates back thousands of years and has been used by various civilizations throughout history.

Creating a wax model allows the artist or sculptor to accurately shape and design the desired object before it is cast in metal. This step is crucial in ensuring that the final metal piece accurately reflects the artist's vision.

The process of creating a wax model involves several steps, which can vary depending on the complexity of the design and the artist's preferred techniques. Here is a detailed explanation of the process:

1. Designing the Model:
The artist begins by creating a design or concept for the final piece. This can be done through sketches, drawings, or even computer-aided design (CAD) software. The design should include all the details and dimensions required for the final metal piece.

2. Sculpting the Wax:
Using specialized tools such as wax carving tools or dental instruments, the artist sculpts the wax model according to the design. This involves shaping and detailing the wax to create the desired form. The artist may also use wax sheets or blocks to build up the form or add specific elements to the model.

3. Assembling and Finishing:
If the final piece requires multiple components, the artist may need to assemble the wax parts together. This can be done by heating the wax slightly to make it pliable and then attaching the pieces using more wax or adhesive. The artist also takes care to refine and smooth the surface of the wax model, removing any imperfections or rough edges.

4. Spruing:
Once the wax model is complete, the artist attaches wax rods or channels, known as sprues, to the model. These sprues serve as pathways for the molten metal to flow into the mold and for air to escape during the casting process.

5. Investing:
After the spruing is complete, the wax model is ready to be invested. Investing involves surrounding the wax model with a heat-resistant material, such as plaster or ceramic, to create a mold. The mold is created by repeatedly dipping the wax model into a slurry of the investment material and then coating it with a refractory material. This process is repeated several times to build up the mold thickness and strength.

In conclusion, the first step in the lost-wax process is creating a wax model of an image. This step allows the artist to shape and design the desired object before it is cast in metal. The wax model is then used to create a mold for the casting process, which involves pouring molten metal into the mold and later removing the wax to reveal the final metal piece.