Which of the following groups is most likely to benefit from an apprec...
Currency appreciation is an increase in the value of one currency in relation to another currency. Currencies appreciate against each other for a variety of reasons, including the government policy, interest rates, trade balances and business cycles. A Rupee appreciation takes place when its value increases in relation to other currencies, say US Dollar. For instance, there would be an appreciation in the Rupee if the dollar/rupee exchange rate moves from ₹70/$ to ₹65/$. Importers in India would be benefitted as they would have to pay less in Rupee terms for the same amount of (say dollar) imports in case of Rupee appreciation.
So, statement 1 is correct. Exporters in India would stand to lose as they would receive less in Rupee terms for the same amount of (say dollar) exports in case of Rupee appreciation.
So, statement 2 is not correct. In the case of Rupee appreciation, entities in India borrowing under the ECB route would have their borrowing costs reduced as they would have to pay less in Rupee terms. They would benefit from the Rupee appreciation. So, statement 3 is correct. Exporters to India would gain in case of the Rupee appreciation.
For instance, a person exporting Rs. 10,000 worth of goods to India from, say, the US would receive more in terms of the US dollar if the Rupee appreciates from Rs. 70/$ to Rs. 65/$. So, statement 4 is correct. Therefore, the correct answer is (d).