“These are cold, dry and high velocity winds. They originate on the Alps and move over France towards the Mediterranean Sea. They bring down temperature below freezing point in areas of their influence.”The above paragraph best describes which of the following winds?a)Foehnb)Chinookc)Siroccod)MistralCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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UPSC Exam > UPSC Questions > “These are cold, dry and high velocity winds...

The above paragraph best describes which of the following winds?

a)
Foehn
b)
Chinook
c)
Sirocco
d)
Mistral

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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“These are cold, dry and high velocity winds. They originate on the A...

Option d is the correct answer.

The local cold winds originate in the snow-capped mountains during winter and move down the slopes towards the valleys.
Option a is incorrect: Foehn is strong, dusty, dry and warm local wind which develops on the leeward side of the Alps Mountain ranges. Regional pressure gradient forces the air to ascend and cross the barrier. Ascending air sometimes causes precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. After crossing the mountain crest, the Foehn winds starts descending on the leeward side or northern slopes of the mountain as warm and dry wind. The temperature of the winds varies from 15°C to 20°C which help in melting snow. Thus, it makes pasture land ready for animal grazing and help the grapes to ripe early.
Option b is incorrect: Chinook is the name of hot and dry local wind which moves down the eastern slopes of the Rockies in U.S.A. and Canada. The literal meaning of chinook is ‘snow eater’ as they help in melting the snow earlier. They keep the grasslands clear of snow. Hence, they are very helpful to ranchers.
Option c is incorrect: Sirocco is a Mediterranean wind that comes from the Sahara and reaches hurricane speeds in North Africa and Southern Europe. It arises from a warm, dry, tropical air mass that is pulled northward by low-pressure cells moving eastward across the Mediterranean Sea, with the wind originating in the Arabian or Sahara deserts. The hotter, drier continental air mixes with the cooler, wetter air of the maritime cyclone, and the counter clockwise circulation of the low propels the mixed air across the southern coasts of Europe. It causes dusty dry conditions along the northern coast of Africa, storms in the Mediterranean Sea, and cool wet weather in Europe.
Option d is correct: Mistral are most common local cold winds. They originate on the Alps and move over France towards the Mediterranean Sea through the Rhone valley. They are very cold, dry and high velocity winds. They bring down temperature below freezing point in areas of their influence. People in these areas protect their orchards and gardens by growing thick hedges and build their houses facing the Mediterranean Sea.

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“These are cold, dry and high velocity winds. They originate on the Alps and move over France towards the Mediterranean Sea. They bring down temperature below freezing point in areas of their influence.”The above paragraph best describes which of the following winds?a)Foehnb)Chinookc)Siroccod)MistralCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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